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Yıl:2013; Cilt: 28; Sayı: 72>> Özet
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Türk Psikoloji Dergisi; 2013;28(72):48-61
Çoklu-Grup Örtük Sınıf Analizi ve Ölçme Eşdeğerliği
D Güngör, M Korkmaz, O Somer
İzmir Üniversitesi, İzmir
Sosyal bilimler alanında çoğu görgül araştırma grupların karşılaştırılmasına odaklanmaktadır. Örtük değişkenler üzerinden yapılan karşılaştırmaların geçerli olması için ölçme eşdeğerliğinin sağlanmış olması gerekmektedir. Gözlenen ve örtük değişkenlerin süreksiz yapıda olduğu durumlarda; grup karşılaştırmaları ve ölçme eşdeğerliği çalışmalarında örtük sınıf modelleri kullanılmaktadır. Örtük sınıf analizi (ÖSA) ile yapılan çoklu-grup çalışmalarında grup karşılaştırması öncesi ölçme eşdeğerliğinin varlığını incelemek amacıyla homojen, kısmi homojen ve heterojen olarak adlandırılan 3 temel model test edilmektedir. Homojen model, ölçme eşdeğerliğinin varlığına işaret etmektedir. Karşılaştırmalı olarak yapılan analizlerde en iyi model seçiminde bilgi kriterlerinden yararlanılmaktadır. Eylem Değerleri Ölçeği’nin, sevgi kapasitesi boyutu kullanılarak yapılan bu çalışmanın katılımcılarını 496 kadın, 237 erkek toplam 733 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Tüm grup, kadın ve erkekler için 2 örtük sınıf tespit edilmiştir. En iyi model olarak homojen modelin kabul edildiği araştırmada koşullu olasılıklar sunulmuş ve yorumlanmıştır. Ayrıca kadın ve erkeklerin örtük sınıf olasılıklarının anlamlı şekilde farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu durum ÖSA alan yazınında tamamen homojen modelin karşılanamadığı anlamına gelmektedir
Multi-Group Latent Class Analysis and Measurement Equivalence
Social and behavioral research relies heavily on group comparison. Empirical demonstration of measurement equivalence is necessary when the attributes are compared. Latent class models are used when attributes are conceptualized as having discrete distributions and when discrete observed variables are used to estimate those distributions. This study illustrates the measurement equivalence in multi-group latent class analysis. Heterogeneous model imposes the same number of latent classes on two or more groups without imposing between-group parameter constraints. Homogeneous model is obtained by constraining the between-group conditional probabilities of the heterogeneous model equal. Measurement equivalence is established by demonstrating that the homogenous model fits the data as good as, if not better than, the heterogeneous model. Otherwise, the analysis moves to the exploratory mode to identify the offending equality constraints. The resultant model, if any, is called partial homogenous model. Using the Love Capacity dimension of Values in Action Inventory, the measurement invariance for latent class analysis is illustrated with a dataset involving 496 female and 237 male college students. A two-class model is chosen to represent both gender groups. Homogenous model was found to be the best fitting model. There was evidence for the equality of conditional probabilities between the groups, however, the equality constraint on unconditional probabilities was not supported, which led to the conclusion that the latent classes have the same meaning in both of the gender groups, i.e., measurement equivalence, but that the prevalence rates are gender specific.

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