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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 6>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi; 2015;3(6):1-27
Kadınların Çalışmalarına Yönelik Tutumlar: Türkiye ve Makedonya Örnekleminin Karşılaştırılması
B Sönmez, S Adiller
Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara
Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye ve Makedonya örnekleminde, kadınların çalışmalarına yönelik tutumların, bireycilik-toplulukçuluk, toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı sistemi meşrulaştırma ve çelişik duygulu cinsiyetçilik açısından incelenmesidir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, Kadınların Çalışmalarına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği (Kuzgun ve Sevim, 2004), Bireycilik-Toplulukçuluk Ölçeği (Singelis ve ark., 1995), Toplumsal Cinsiyete Dayalı Sistemi Meşrulaştırma Ölçeği (Kay ve Jost, 2003), Çelişik Duygulu Cinsiyetçilik Ölçeği (Glick ve Fiske, 1996) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Türkiye’den 216 katılımcı, Makedonya’dan 127 katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Sonuçlar, iki örneklemde, kadın katılımcıların kadınların çalışmalarına yönelik tutumlarının erkeklerden daha olumlu olduğunu göstermiştir. Türkiye örnekleminde, kadınların çalışmalarına yönelik tutumları toplulukçuluk negatif yönde, bireycilik ise pozitif yönde, toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı sistemi meşrulaştırma ve düşmanca cinsiyetçilik negatif yönde yordamaktadır. Makedonya örnekleminde ise, eğitim, bu tutumları pozitif yönde yordarken, düşmanca cinsiyetçilik negatif yönde yordamaktadır. Değişkenler kültür açısından incelendiğinde, Türkiye örnekleminin kadınların çalışmalarına yönelik tutumlarının Makedonya örnekleminden daha olumlu olduğu ve bireycilik düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Makedonya örnekleminin ise cinsiyete dayalı sistemi meşrulaştırma, düşmanca cinsiyetçilik ve korumacı cinsiyetçilik düzeyleri Türkiye örnekleminden daha yüksektir.
Attitudes toward Working Women: The Comparison of Turkey and Macedonia Samples
The main objective of this study is to analyze the attitudes toward working women, individualism, collectivism, gender based system justification and ambivalent sexism in Turkey and Macedonia. In research, Attitude towards Woman’s Working Scale (Kuzgun ve Sevim, 2004), Individualism Collectivism Scale (Singelis ve ark., 1995), Gender-Specific System Justification Scale (Kay ve Jost, 2003) and Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (Glick ve Fiske, 1996) were used. There are 216 participants within the Turkey sample and 127 participant within the Macedonia sample. It was revealed that women’s score on attitudes toward working women were more positive than men’s score in both samples. In Turkey sample, attitudes toward working women is predicted negativly by collectivism and gender based system justification and hostile sexism and positivly by individualism. In Macedonia sample, education predicts positivly and hostile sexism predicts negativly the attitudes toward working women. When variables were examined with regard to culture, it is found that attitudes toward working women are more positive in the Turkey sample than the Macedonia sample. Additionally, Macedonia sample’s gender based system justification scores and ambivalent sexism scores were higher than Turkey sample.

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