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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 4>> Özet
Psikiyatride Güncel; 2015;5(4):295-304
Tedaviye dirençli şizofrenide ilaç tedavisi
A Erol
İzmir Atatürk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İzmir
Tedaviye dirençli şizofreninin (TDŞ) tedavisi halen tartışmalıdır ve üzerinde tam bir görüş birliği oluşmamıştır. Bu yazıda TDŞ tedavisinde yaygın kullanılan tedavi algoritmalarının önerileri ve TDŞ’nin tedavisi ve çeşitli antipsikotiklerin TDŞ tedavisindeki etkinliğine dair araştırmaların gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Google, PUBMED, SCOPUS ve Web of Science veri tabanları taranmış ve tedavi algoritmaları ve makaleler değerlendirilmiştir. Yüksek kalite kanıtı sağlayan makaleler bu incelemeye dahil edilerek gözden geçirilmiştir. Tüm tedavi kılavuzları iki farklı antipikotik ilaç ile yeterli doz ve süre ile tedavi denemesine yanıtsızlığı TDŞ tanısı için yeterli kabul etmektedir. Yine tüm tedavi kılavuzları TDŞ tedavisinde ilk seçenek olarak klozapini önermektedir. Klozapine yanıt vermeyen hastalarda diğer antipsikotik ilaçların yüksek dozları ile tedavi, güçlendirme ve kombinasyon tedavilerinin seçenek olarak değerlendirilebileceği belirtilmektedir. Bununla birlikte yazında TDŞ’de diğer antipsikotiklerin tek başına kullanımı ya da yüksek dozlarının kullanımına dair yeterli kanıt yoktur. Tedavi kılavuzlarının önerilerinin aksine ve yazında yeterli kanıt olmamasına karşın klozapinden önce kombinasyon, güçlendirme ve yüksek doz antipsikotik uygulamaları günlük tedavi pratiğinde yaygın görülmektedir. TDŞ tedavisinde etkinliği kanıtlanan tek ilaç klozapindir. TDŞ tanısı netleştirilen hastalarda klozapin ilk seçenek olarak ve zaman kaybetmeden başlanmalıdır. Klozapine yanıt vermeyen hastalarda diğer tedavi seçenekleri değerlendirilmelidir. Diğer antipsikotik ilaçların yüksek dozlarıyla yapılan denemeler mutlaka zaman sınırlı olmalıdır.
Pharmacotherapy in treatment resistant schizophrenia
Pharmacotherapy in treatment resistant schizophrenia Treatment of treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is still under debate and there is not a common consensus on it. The aim of this paper was to review the most commonly used treatment guidelines on TRS, and articles on the treatment of TRS along with the efficacy of antipsychotics on TRS. Google, PUBMED, SCOPUS and Web of Science data bases were reviewed and treatment algorithms and articles were evaluated. Articles which meet criteria for high quality evidence were included in the review. All the treatment guidelines agree on the definition of TRS as unresponsiveness to two antipsychotic trials with adequate dose and duration. In addition, all guidelines suggest clozapine as the first line treatment of choice for TRS. Other treatment options such as high dose trials with other antipsychotics, augmentation and combination strategies are suggested for patients who do not respond to clozapine. However the literature does not provide adequate evidence for the use of other antipsychotics and their high doses in TRS. Despite the lack of adequate evidence in the literature, and contradicting with the suggestions of treatment guidelines, prescription of high dose antipsychotics, combination and augmentation strategies are widely observed in daily treatment practices. Clozapine is the only drug with adequate evidence of efficacy in TRS treatment. Clozapine treatment should be started to patients as soon as the diagnosis of TRS is clearly approved. Other treatment options should be considered for patients who do not respond to clozapine. Trials with high doses of other antipsychotics should be time limited

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