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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 6; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 2015;6(3):114-119
İlköğretim İkinci Kademe Öğrencilerde Somatik Belirtiler ve Anne Baba Tutumlarının İncelenmesi
S Karaca, G Çelebi, Z Bilen, M Özvatan, İ Timur, G Ünsal, N Onan, YC Öz
Marmara Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Epidemiyolojik çalışmalar çocuk ve ergenlerin %5–48’inin somatik belirtileri sıklıkla deneyimlediklerini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada ilköğretim ikinci kademe öğrencilerinde anne-baba tutumları ve somatik belirtiler arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki çalışmanın örneklemini, Kadıköy’de üç devlet ve beş özel ilköğretim okulunda, Ekim 2013-Şubat 2014 tarihleri arasında ikinci kademede öğrenim gören, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 699 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri Bilgi Formu, Çocuk Somatizasyon Envanteri ve Anne-Baba Tutum Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmış, tanımlayıcı istatistiksel analizler, pearson korelasyon analizi ve t-testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 12.93±1.06’dır, %49.9’u kız, %35.3’ü özel okula devam etmektedir. Öğrencilerin cinsiyet, ailede tek çocuk olma, eğitime devam edilen sınıf, anne-baba eğitim ve çalışma durumları ile anne-baba tutumları ve somatik belirtiler açısından anlamlı farklılık bulunmamaktadır (p>0.05). Öğrencilerin devam ettikleri okula göre somatik belirtiler arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (t=3.53; p=.002) ve özel okula devam eden öğrencilerde somatik belirtiler daha sık görülmektedir (özel X=13.0±1.25; devlet X=10.0±9.5). Öğrencilerin devam ettikleri okula göre anne-baba tutumları incelendiğinde; kontrol/denetleme (t=4.43; p=.003) ve psikolojik özerklik alt boyutlarında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (t=2.71; p=.040), özel okullara devam eden öğrenciler anne- babalarını devlet okullarına devam eden öğrencilere göre daha fazla kontrolcü/denetleyici ve daha az psikolojik özerklik sağ- layıcı olarak algılamaktadır (kontrol denetleme; özel X=15.3±5.1; devlet X=13.8 ±4.0 ve psikolojik özerklik özel X=26.7± 4.5; devlet X=27.6±4.3). Ana-baba tutumlarından sadece izin verici/müsamahakar tutum ile somatik belirtiler arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur (t=4.695; p=.001). Ana-babalarını izin verici/ müsamahakar olarak algılayan öğ- rencilerde somatik belirtiler daha yüksektir (X=14.31±11.86). Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre; ana-baba tutumları ve somatik belirtilerin öğrencilerin devam ettikleri okula göre farklı olduğu ve anababalarını izin verici/ müsamahakar olarak algılayanlarda somatik belirtilerin yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Investigation of Somatic Symptoms and Parents Attitude in Secondary School Students
Objectives: Epidemiological studies show that 5–48% of children and adolescents often experience somatic complaints. This study investigated somatic symptoms in secondary school students and the attitudes of their parents. Methods: This descriptive study involved 699 secondary school students at three state and five private schools in Kadikoy from October 2013–February 2014. The data were collected using an information form, Child Somatization Inventory and Parent Attitude Scale and were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and the t-test. Results: The average age of the students was 12.93±1.06. Of the students, 49.9% were female, and 35.3% were in private schools. A significant difference (t=3.53, p=.002) was found based on the type of school attended with private school students seen more frequently with somatic symptoms (private X=13.0±1.25; state X=10.0±9.5). There were also differences according to the type of school attended in parental attitude – control/monitoring (t=4.43; p=.003), and in the psychological autonomy subscale (t=2.71, p=.040). Private school students’ perception of their parents’ attitude were more controlling/supervisory than the public school students (control/supervision; private X=15.3±5.1; public X=13.8±4.0) and allowing less psychological autonomy than them (private X=26.7±4.5; states X=27.6±4.3). Parental tolerance was significantly associated with somatic symptoms (t=4.695, p=.001), and students who perceived their parents as tolerant had more somatic symptoms (X=14: 31±11.86). Conclusion: This study shows that parental attitudes and somatic symptoms vary as to the type of school. Students had more somatic symptoms when they perceived their parents as tolerant/permitting of those somatic symptoms.

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