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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 17; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2016;17(1):65-73
Ergenlerde sürekli öfke ve öfke ifade tarzları
D Özmen, E Özmen, A Çetinkaya, İ Akil
Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Manisa
Amaç: Bu çalışmada ilköğretim ikinci kademe öğrencilerinin öfke düzeylerinin, öfke tarzlarının ve bunları etkileyen etkenlerin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışma Manisa kent merkezinde yer alan ve farklı sosyoekonomik düzeye sahip bölgede bulunan üç ilköğretim okulunda öğrenim gören ikinci kademe (6, 7, 8. sınıf) öğrenciler ile yürütüldü. Öğrencilere Sosyodemografik Veri Formu, Çocuklar İçin Durumluk-Sürekli Anksiyete Ölçeği, Sürekli Öfke-Öfke Tarz Ölçeği uygulandı. Öğrencilerin sürekli öfke ve öfke ifade tarzlarını etkileyen değişkenler çok değişkenli istatistiksel analiz ile incelendi. Sonuçlar: Ergenlerin sürekli öfke düzeylerinin ‘biraz’ düzeyinde kaldığı, öfkelerini dışa vurmadığı ve orta düzeyde kontrol altına alma eğiliminde olduğu, içte tutulan öfke düzeylerinin yüksek olmadığı görülmektedir. Ergenlerin sürekli öfke düzeylerini ve öfke tarzlarını en çok etkileyen etkenler kaygı, cinsiyet ve aile tipidir. Sürekli öfke, baskılanmış öfke ve ifade edilen öfke ile kaygı arasında pozitif, kontrol altında tutulan öfke ile anksiyete arasında negatif ilişki vardır. Erkek öğrenciler daha yüksek sürekli öfke düzeyine sahipken ve öfkelerini daha çok ifade ederken, kız öğrenciler öfkelerini daha fazla kontrol etmektedir. Parçalanmış ailede yaşayan ergenlerin sürekli öfke, ifade ettikleri öfke ve baskıladıkları öfke düzeyleri daha yüksektir ve öfkelerini daha az kontrol etmektedirler. Tartışma: Bu araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlar ülkemizde ergenlerin öfke yaşamaya yatkın olmadıklarını, öfkelerini kontrol etme eğiliminde olduklarını; öfkelendiklerinde öfkelerini içlerine atmadıklarını, kin beslemediklerini, başkalarıyla tartışmaya yatkın olmadıklarını ve kızgınlıklarını sözle ya da davranışla göstermediklerini düşündürmektedir. Kaygı düzeyinin azalması öfkeyi kontrol edebilme düzeyini arttırdığından ergenlerde öfke yönetimine yönelik yürütülecek eğitimlerde ve tedavi uygulamalarında kaygı yatıştırmaya yönelik girişimlere yer verilmelidir.
Trait anger and anger expression styles in adolescents
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the trait anger levels and anger expression styles of students in the second stage of primary education and the factors affecting them. Methods: The study was carried out on students in the second stage of primary education (classes 6, 7 and 8) at three schools in the center of the city of Manisa in an area with inhabitants at various socioeconomic levels. A sociodemographic form, The State-Trait Anxiety Scale for Children, and The State Trait Anger Scale were applied to the students. Variables affecting students’ trait anger and anger expression styles were examined using multiple linear regression analysis. Results: It was observed that levels of trait anger in the adolescents remained at the level of ‘a little’, that they did not express out their anger and that they tended to control their anger moderately, and that the levels of suppressed anger were not high. The factors which most affected levels of trait anger and anger expression styles in the adolescents were anxiety, gender and family type. A positive correlation was found between anxiety and trait anger, suppressed anger and expressed anger, while a negative correlation was found between anxiety and anger which was kept under control. Male students had a higher level of trait anger and expressed their anger more often, while female students controlled their anger more. The levels of trait anger, expressed anger and suppressed anger were higher in adolescents living in split-up families, and their anger was less controlled. Discussion: The results of this study suggest that adolescents in Turkey are not prone to experiencing anger and they tend to control their anger; when they get angry; they do not suppress it or bear grudges, they are not prone to argue with others; and when they get angry they do not express it in words or behavior. Because of the reduction of anxiety levels increase the ability to control the anger level, reduction of anxiety should definitely be placed in anger control training programs and therapeutic attempts in adolescents.

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