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Yıl:1976; Cilt: 12; Sayı: >> Özet
TAM METİN
Psikoloji Çalışmaları; 1976;12():51-62
Psikolojik Bilginin Sosyolojik Analizde Kullanılması ve Az Gelişmişlik Problemi
Y Özakpınar
İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Psikolojik araştırmalardan elde edilen bilgiler sosyal problemlerin analizinde gittikçe artan bir hızla kullanılmaktadır. Psikoloji, davranışın beyin mekanizmalarıyla izahı gayesini güder. Beyin mekanizmaları farklı sosyal realiteler yaratma imkânlarım taşımakla beraber, sosyal realiteler beyin me'kanizmalarına dair hipotezden dedüksiyonla çıJiarılamaz. Bu sebepten, mü­ cerret davranış prensiplerinin pratik sosyal kontrolda kullanılması, davranı­ şın lâboratuvardalci kontrolünde sağlanan başarıya ulaşamaz. Bu yazıda, in'san davranışının sosyal sitüasyonlarda takviye kontenjanı prensibi ile kontro'lü spesifik bir sosyal-ekonomik probleme tatbiki ele alınarak kritik olarak tetkik edilmektedir
Utilization of Psychological Knowledge in Sociological Analysis and the Problem of Underdevelopment
In recent years psychological knowledge has been increasingly used in the analysis of social problems. Psychology aims at the explanation of be-haviour in terms of brain mechanisms. Although brain mechanisms contain the possibilities of different social realities, social realities themselves can?not be deduced from the hypothesis about brain mechanisms. For this reason, the utilization of abstract principles of behaviour in practical social control cannot parallel the success of the laboratory control of behaviour. In this paper, the control of human behaviour in social situations, by the principle of contingency of reinforcement, has been critically examined with special reference to a specific social-economical problem-economical growth of un?derdeveloped countries. Furthermore, the nature of economical underdeve?lopment has been briefly discussed in order to emphasize the insufficiency of direct application of spychological principles of individual behaviour to

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