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Yıl:1966; Cilt: 4; Sayı: >> Özet
TAM METİN
Psikoloji Çalışmaları; 1966;4():85-120
Dokunma Tenzihlerinin Lokasyonu ve Mümaresenin Tesiri
Y Özakpınar
İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul
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Tactile Localization on Toes
The process of tactile localization on toes was investigated in normal subjects. The stimulation involved in different experimental sessions a single toe, two toes simultaneously, and two or three toes successively. The subjects reported the stimulated toe or toes according to the agreed number code. The effects of practice with verbal and the tactual knowledge of results were also studied. The order of the accuracy of localization was 1,5,2,3,4, when big toe is 1.Majority of errors occured on 2 and 3 with little difference between them. On the middle three toes 70 per cent of the errors is in the direction of little toe. Usually an erroris influenced by a previous one resulting in progressive shifts This is so strong a tendency that some subjects felt that there should have been a sixth toe after the little toe. Subjects found difficulty in feeling the middle three toes distinctively. Tactual experience of a great gap between big toe and second toe leads subjects to identify second toe as third and this starts off the chain of errors on middle toes. udgments on single stimulations are not independent of each other. They are not based purely on the immediate sensations but in every instance they are related to previous stimulations. It appears that the localization process involves more than sensory experience, it draws upon reasoning through verbal knowledge of results. This often leads to localizations which are different from what would be suggested by immediate sensory experience alone. It is very likely that this is the cause of the striking fluctuations in the practice curves of individual toes though there is slow but continuous over-all improvement. The conflict between feeling and reasoned conviction resulted in some instances in collapse of judgment. Tactual knowledge of results could be used more effectively and this kind of conflict did not arise. It led to more stable improvement than when knowledge of results was merely verbal. In experiments where more than one toe were stimulated successively, it was noted that right-left orientation of each stimulation could be preserved even when all the three simulations were localized incorrectly. The precarious character of the improvement in the accuracy of localization through practice with verbal knowledge of results could be better understood by the results obtained from experiments with wrong knowledge of results. Subjects could 'learn' to utilize this kind of knowledge to the consistent detriment of their localizations, showing an improvement in reverse.

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