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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 52; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2015;52(4):376-379
Multipl Skleroz Hastalarında İmmunmodulatör Tedaviye Uyumun Değerlendirilmesi
A Köşkderelioğlu, M Gedizlioğlu, P Ortan, Ö Öcek
İzmir Bozyaka Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İzmir
Amaç: Bu makalede, İzmir Bozyaka Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi multipl skleroz (MS) polikliniğine başvuran relapsing remitting ve sekonder progresif MS tanılı hastalardan elde ettiğimiz tedaviye uyum ile ilgili bilgileri sunuyoruz. Yöntem: MS polikliniğimize başvuran immunmodulatör tedavi altındaki 219 MS hastasına ilişkin demografik bilgiler gözden geçirildi. Tedaviye uyum ile ilgili yarı yapılandırılmış bir anket ve dosya bilgileri derlendi. Beck depresyon ölçeği (BDÖ) ve kognisyon için Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) uygulandı. Tedavi sürecinde intramuskuler interferon için ayda 1, glatiramer asetat için ayda 6, subkutan interferonlar için ise ayda 4 dozdan fazla enjeksiyon atlamak tedaviye uyumsuzluk olarak tanımlandı. İstatistiksel analiz için Medcalc istatistik programı kullanıldı. Normal dağılım gösteren parametreler için ise t test kullanılarak sonuçlar karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 219 hastanın [183 relapsing remmiting multipl skleroz (RRMS), 36 sekonder progresif multipl skleroz (SPMS)] 143’ü kadın, 76’sı erkek idi. Hastaların ortalama yaşı 40,77±10,36 yıl idi. Ortalama Genişletilmiş Özürlülük Durum Ölçeği (EDSS) skoru 2,90±1,88, ortalama yıllık atak hızı ise 0,65±0,55 idi. İki yüz on dokuz hastanın %75,1’i immunmodulatör tedaviye devam etmekteydi. RRMS grubunda 33 hasta, SPMS grubunda ise 23 hasta immunmodulatör tedaviyi bırakmıştı. Tedaviye uyum oranları RRMS ve SPMS gruplarında birbirine oldukça benzerdi. Tedavi uyumu, yaş, yıllık atak hızı, PASAT skoru ve hastalık süresi ile korelasyon göstermedi. EDSS skoru ve depresyon skorları ile tedavi uyumu arasında belirgin korelasyon izlendi. Ayrıca tedavi uyumunun eğitim düzeyi daha yüksek olan grupta daha düşük olduğu gözlendi. Tedaviyi bırakma ile yaş, yıllık relaps hızı, Beck depresyon ölçeği skorları ve PASAT skorları arasında korelasyon bulunmadı. Hastalık süresi ve EDSS skorları ile tedaviyi bırakma arasında çok belirgin pozitif korelasyon vardı. Sonuç: Uzun süredir izlem altında olan bu MS hasta grubunda, hastalık süresi uzun, dizabilitesi yüksek ve daha eğitimli olan hastalarda immunmodülatör tedaviyi bırakma oranı yüksek ve tedavi uyumu düşük bulundu. Hasta bazlı sonuçlar ve iyi dökümante edilmiş tedavi uyum bilgileri, nörologların hastaların uyum eğilimlerini anlamasını ve tedaviyi daha iyi yönetmesini sağlayabilir.
Evaluation of the Adherence to Immunmodulatory Treatment in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Introduction: In this article, we report the data regarding treatment adherence of a group of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and relapsing–remitting or secondary progressive disease who were followed in the MS outpatient clinic of Bozyaka Education and Research Hospital, Izmir. Methods: We collected the demographic data of 219 patients with MS who were treated with immunomodulatory drugs and the documentary data on the disease characteristics from the patient’ files. Each patient was provided a detailed questionnaire regarding treatment adherence in addition to the Beck depression scale (BDS) and Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT). Nonadherence was defined as the discontinuation of the drug, i.e., more than one dose a month for intramuscular interferon, six doses a month for glatiramer acetate, and four doses a month for subcutaneous interferons. Statistical analyses were performed using Medcalc statistics package. For those parameters with an even distribution, the paired samples t-test was used to compare the results. Results: Of the 219 [183 relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and 36 secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS)] patients included in the study, 143 patients were women and 76 were men. The mean age of the patients was 40.77±10.36 years. The mean expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score was 2.90±1.88, and mean annualized attack rate (ARR) was .65±.55. Of the 219 patients, 75.1% continued the immunomodulatory treatment. Thirty-three patients in the RRMS group and 23 patients in the SPMS group abandoned the immunomodulatory treatment. Treatment adherences were similar between patients with RRMS and SPMS (53%). Adherence revealed no correlation with age, ARR, PASAT score, and disease duration. However, higher EDSS and depression scores had significant positive correlation with adherence. Moreover, treatment adherence was noted to be lower in the group with higher education levels. Treatment discontinuation did not correlate with age, ARR, BDS, or PASAT scores. The disease duration and EDSS scores were found to be significantly correlated with treatment discontinuation. Conclusion: In this extensively followed up patients’ group with multiple sclerosis, the ones with extended disease duration, higher disability, and more educated had higher rates of treatment discontinuation and lower levels of treatment adherence. The patient-reported outcomes and well-documented treatment adherence data will contribute to the neurologists’ understanding of the patients’ inclinations regarding the injectable treatments and help in better management of the immunomodulatory treatments.

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