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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 52; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2015;52(4):331-335
Renal Transplantasyonlu Hastalarda Görülen Nörolojik Komplikasyonlar: Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma
N Cengiz, Z Adıbelli, YK Yakupoğlu, H Türker
Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Samsun
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı renal transplantasyon yapılan hastalarda görülen nörolojik komplikasyonların tipini, sıklığını ve ilişkili faktörleri araştırmaktır. Yöntem: Çalışmada Ocak 2005 ile Temmuz 2014 tarihleri arasında hastanemizde renal transpalantasyon yapılmış 344 hastanın dosya bilgileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Ondokuz hastada 22 nörolojik komplikasyon atağı saptandı. Üç hastada birden fazla atak ortaya çıktı. Çalışmaya dahil edilen ve sekizi kadın olan 19 hastanın, yaş ortalamaları 37,52±13,08 (18-65) yıldı. Nörolojik komplikasyonlar santral ve periferik sistem tutulumu olarak sınıflandırıldı. Ondokuz hastanın 16’sında (%84,2) santral sinir sistemi tutulumu gözlendi. Bu hastalarda en sık görülen komplikasyon (%36,8) tremordu. Jeneralize tonik-klonik status epileptikus, tonik-klonik nöbet ve ensefalopati 2 (%10,5) olguda görüldü. Bir hastada deliryum ve demans (%5,2), ajite depresyon (%5,2) ve başağrısı birer hastada görüldü. Periferik sinir sistemi tutulumu 6 (%26,3) hastada görüldü. Bu hastaların birinde ellerde duyusal semptomlar olmasına rağmen elektronöromiyografi normaldi. 4 hastada periferik nöropati ve bir hastada lomber pleksopati saptandı. Hastalarda gözlenen 22 nörolojik komplikasyonun 17’si immünsupresan ilaçlara bağlı olarak ortaya çıkmıştı. Amiloidoz, enfeksiyon, septik emboli and hipoglisemi birer hastada nörolojik komplikasyon nedeni olarak saptandı. Bir hastada atak nedeni saptanamadı. Sonuç: Renal transplantasyon sonrası farklı nörolojik komplikasyonlar ortaya çıkabilir ve bu komplikasyonların çoğu immünosupresif ilaçlara bağlıdır, ilaç dozunun azaltılması veya değiştirilmesi ile düzeltilebilir.
Neurological Complications after Renal Transplantation: A Retrospective Clinical Study
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and types of neurological complications (NCs) and associated factors in renal transplantation (RT) patients. Methods: Three hundred and forty-four patients who had RT performed at our institution between January 2005 and July 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. Results: File records of the patients revealed 19 who experienced a total of 22 episodes of NCs, of whom three had more than one episode. The mean age of 19 patients included in the study, of whom eight were female, was 37.52±13.08 (range, 18–65) years. NCs were classified into central or peripheral depending on the location of involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). CNS involvement was found in 16 (84.2%) of the 19 patients. Tremor (36.8%) was the most common CNS complication in these patients. Encephalopathy, generalized tonic–clonic seizures, and status epilepticus were observed in two patients (10.5%). Delirium and dementia were observed in one patient (5.2%). Headache was experienced by one patient, and agitated depression was observed in one patient. Six patients (26.3%) had the peripheral nervous system involvement. One patient had the numbness of hands with normal electromyography findings, and four patients had polyneuropathy. In one patient, lumbar plexopathy was observed. Seventeen of the 22 NCs were considered to be caused by immunosuppressive agents. Each incidence of amyloidosis, infection, septic emboli, and hypoglycemia caused a neurological episode. The etiology of one episode was unknown. Conclusion: Different neurological disorders can be seen after RT, and most of them are caused by immunosuppressive drugs. NCs seen after RT can be treated by decreasing the dose or changing the immunosuppressive drug.

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