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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Çocuk Psikiyatrisi Özel Dergisi; 2015;1(1):64-67
Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu ve Madde Kullanım Bozuklukları
Y Öztürk, A Akay
İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi, İzmir
Dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) tanılı çocuklarda; ergenlik ve erişkinlik döneminde madde kötüye kullanma ve bağımlılık gibi bozuklukların gelişme oranlarının belirgin olarak daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Madde kullanım bozuklukları (MKB) tanısı alan ergenlerin pek çoğunda eşlik eden psikiyatrik bozukluklar sıklıkla görülmektedir. MKB tanısı alan ergenlerde %25-50 oranında DEHB eş tanısı olduğu gösterilmiştir. DEHB tanısı alan çocuklarla yapılan pek çok prospektif çalışmada; DEHB tanısı almayan çocuklar ile karşılaştırıldığında MKB riskinin DEHB tanılı grupta 18-24 yaş aralığında en yüksek oranda arttığı gösterilmiştir. DEHB ve MKB arasında yüksek eş tanı oranları göz önüne alındığında nörobiyolojik açıdan altta yatan ortak faktörler olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Madde kullanım bozukluğu eş tanısı olan DEHB olgularında atomoksetin ve bupropion gibi noradrenalin geri alım inhibitörleri ve diğer nonstimülanların birinci farmakoterapi seçeneği olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu ilaçların tedavide etkin yanıta yol açmaması durumunda kötüye kullanım riskleri daha düşük olan uzun etkili stimülanlar tercih edilmelidir.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Substance Use Disorders
Children diagnosed with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been found to be significantly higher than the rate of development of disorders such as substance abuse and addiction in adolescence and adulthood. Comorbid psychiatric disorders are frequently seen in many adolescents with substance use disorder (SUD). 20% to 50% of adolescents diagnosed with SUD has been shown comorbid ADHD. Many prospective study of children diagnosed with ADHD compared with non ADHD; it is shown that SUD risk increases in ADHD group. The highest rates were in the 18-24 age range. Given high rates of comorbidity between ADHD and SUD; it is assumed underlying common factors may be from the neurobiological aspects. In ADHD cases with comorbid SUD; noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors such as bupropion and atomoxetine, and other non stimulants are considered to be the first pharmacotherapy option. If these drugs are not effective response to treatment, long-acting stimulants will be preferred because of theirs risk of abuse are lower.

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