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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
The Journal of Neurobehavioral Sciences; 2015;2(1):42-44
Olanzapin Tedavisi İle Ortaya Çıkan Bilateral Ayak Bileği Ödemi: Bir Olgu Sunumu
Hİ Toz, DM Taşdemir, Ü Özer, B Toz, G Özgen
Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve AraştırmaHastanesi, İstanbul
Periferik ödem çeşitli tıbbi hastalıkların yanı sıra antihipertansifler, nonsteroidal antiinflamatuarlar, endokrin ilaçlar ve immünoterapiler gibi farmakolojik ajanlarla ortaya çıkabilir. Olanzapin şizofreni ve bipolar mizaç bozukluğu tedavisinde sıkça reçetelenen bir atipik antipsikotiktir. En sık yan etkiler kilo alımı, postural hipotansiyon, kabızlık, başdönmesi, akatizi ve sedasyon olarak bildirilmiştir. Periferal ödem, olanzapinle tedavi edilen hastaların %3’ünü etkileyen nadir bir yan etki olarak bildirilmiştir. Bu yazıda, şiddetli depresif ve obsesif kompulsif belirtiler ile hastanemize başvuran ve intihar riski nedeniyle yatırılan 56 yaşında bir olgu sunularak, bu nadir yan etkiye psikiyatristlerin dikkatini çekmek amaçlanmıştır. Psikiyatri başvurusu öncesinde hastanın herhangi bir ilaç kullanımı yoktur. Hastaya psikotik özellikli major depresyon ve obsesif kompulsif bozukluk tanısı konmuştur. Tedavisine olanzapin 10 mg/gün, ketiyapin 300 mg/gün ve fluoksetin 40 mg/gün ile başlandı. Olanzapin başlandıktan iki hafta sonra, ülserasyon ve ısı değişikliği olmaksızın, minimal kızarıklıkla bilateral ayak bileği ödemi geliştiği gözlendi. Hastada ödemi açıklayabilecek, kalp, böbrek ve karaciğer yetmezliğini ya da bir ilaca alerjik reaksiyonu düşündüren öykü yoktu. Ödeme neden olabilecek olası tıbbi durumlar fizik muayene ve laboratuar testleri ile dışlandı. Olanzapin hemen kesildi ve risperidon 1 mg/gün tedavisine geçildi. Olanzapinin kesilmesinden sonra ödem iki hafta içinde giderek geriledi. Olanzapinle ilişkili ödem, nadir görülmesi nedeniyle, psikiyatristler tarafından daha sık görülen yan etkilere kıyasla ihmal edilebilir. Kendini sınırlayan ve iyi huylu bir gidişi olmasına rağmen, hastalarda rahatsızlık yaratabilir ve tedaviye uyumlarını azaltabilir. Ayrıca, ödeme neden olabilecek diğer tıbbi durumların ayırıcı tanısını zorlaştırabilir. Sonuç olarak, olanzapin tedavisi süresince hastaların ödem açısından dikkatle izlenmesi yararlı olacaktır.
Bilateral pedal edema associated with olanzapine treatment: A case report
Peripheric edema could be caused by various medical conditions as well as pharmacologic agents such as antihypertensives, nonsteroidal antiinflamatory drugs, endocrine agents and immunotherapies. Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic that is widely prescribed for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. Most common adverse reactions of olanzapine are weight gain, postural hypotension, constipation, dizziness, akathisia, sedation. Peripheral edema was reported as an infrequent side effect, which affected 3% of the olanzapine treated patients. In this report, we aim to draw attention of psychiatrists on this rare adverse effect by presenting a 56-year-old case, who applied to our hospital with severe depressive and obsessive-compulsive symptoms and hospitalized because of suicide risk. Before psychiatric admission, he wasn’t taking any medication. He was diagnosed as major depression with psychotic features and obsessive-compulsive disorder. He was started on olanzapine 10 mg/day, quetiapine 300 mg/day and fluoxetine 40 mg/day. Two weeks after initiation of olanzapine, he was found to have bilateral pedal edema without ulceration and temperature change but minimal redness was observed. He had no history suggestive of cardiac, renal and liver dysfunction or allergic reaction against to any drug that could explain his existing edema. Possible medical conditions which may cause edema were ruled out by laboratory tests and physical examination. Olanzapine was stopped immediately and the therapy was modified to risperidone 1 mg/day. After discontinuation of olanzapine, edema was gradually resolved within two weeks. Because olanzapine associated edema has been seen rarely, it could be overlooked by psychiatrists in comparison to its more common side effects. Although it shows self-limited and benign course, patients may feel discomfort and their compliance to treatment may decrease. Also, it may interfere with differential diagnosis of other medical conditions which may cause edema. In conclusion, we suggest that patients should be observed carefully for edema during olanzapine treatment.

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