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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
The Journal of Neurobehavioral Sciences; 2015;2(1):21-28
Dikkatin Çalışan Bellek İçeriği Tarafından Tahsis Edilmesi ve N2Pc Bileşeni
FK Krzan
Üsküdar Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Yanlı Rekabet Modeli çalışan bellek içeriği ile eşleşen uyaranların, hafıza ile uyumlu olan uyaranların dikkat olasılığını arttıracağını ileri sürer. Bu açıklamaya göre, çalışan bellek içindeki temsiller, görsel alan içerisindeki temsillerle eşleşen uyaranlara doğru istemdışı bir dikkat oluşturur. Yanlı Rekabet Modeli tarafından önerilen bu etkili varsayım, çalışma belleğinin içeriğinin bellekle eşleşen öğeler lehine otomatik önyargı oluşturduğunu gösteren bir dizi çalışmada araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar, çalışan bellekte sürdürülen nesnelerin, bellekle eşleşen öğelere yönelik otomatik bir dikkat oluşturup, bellek temsilinin oluştuğu görsel alanda erken negatif lateral olaya ilişkin potansiyelini (N2pc) ortaya çıkardığını göstermiştir. Bu bileşen, N2pc, dikkatin çalışan bellekteki temsiller tarafından tahsis edilmesini araştırmak için önemli bir araçtır ve bu bileşenin özellikle hatırlanan nesnelere kontralateral hemisfere özgü aktiviteyi ölçmektedir. N2pc bileşeninin bu özelliği dikkatin genel yönünü detaylı bir şekilde ölçmeyi kolaylaştırmaktadır. Bu nedenle, N2pc bileşeni dikkat ilgili çalışmalarda hafızada korunan öğelerin yanallaşma etkisini açıklamak için bir indeks olarak kullanılabilir.
Attentional guidance by the contents of working memory and the N2PC component
The Biased Competition Model suggests that stimuli matching the contents of working memory increase the likelihood that memorymatching items will be attended. According to this account, the representations in working memory create an involuntary capture of attention toward memory-matching items in the visual field. This influential assumption proposed by the biased competition model has been explored in a number of studies, showing that the contents of working memory exert an automatic bias in favor of memory matching items. These studies showed that active maintenance of objects in working memory automatically shift attention toward the memory matching-object and produce a negative early lateralized event related potential (ERP), the N2pc, toward the side of visual field where the memorized item appeared. This component, the N2pc is an important tool to investigate the allocation of attention by working memory representations, especially for the activity the activity that is specific to the hemisphere which is contralateral with respect to the hemifield containing e.g. the to-be-remembered items could be measured. This characteristic of the N2pc facilitates measuring the general direction of attention with fine-grained temporal resolution. Therefore, the N2pc could be used as an index to describe the lateralization effect of memorized items on attention related studies.

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