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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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The Journal of Neurobehavioral Sciences; 2015;2(1):7-20
Çocukluk Çağı ve Erişkin Nöropsikiyatrik Hastalıklarda Koku Bozukluğunun Klinik Değerlendirilmesi ve Önemi:Bir Literatür Derlemesi
Y Yılmaz, E İnce, H Uğurlu, A Baş, B Tatlı, İ Balcıoğlu
İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Parkinson hastalığında koku bozukluğunun erken tanısal pre-motor belirteç olarak gösterilmesinden sonra, koku fonksiyonunun sinirbilim çalışma alanında önemi artmıştır. Araştırmacılar, koku duyusunu diğer nöropsikiyatrik hastalıklarda da detaylı olarak araştırmıştır. Bu çalışmamızda, çocukluk çağı ve erişkin nöropsikiyatrik hastalıklarda koku fonksiyonu üzerine sistematik bir derleme sunmaya çalıştık. Otizm spektrum bozuklukları (OSB), epilepsi, dikkat eksikliği/hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB), şizofreni, bipolar bozukluk, yeme bozukluğu ve obsesif kompulsif bozukluk (OKB) araştırılmıştır. Koku testi teknikleri ve çalışmaların heterojen dağılımından dolayı, toplam çalışma sayısı kısıtlı kalmıştır. Çalışmalar koku testi tekniklerine göre ayrıldı. En sık kullanılan koku testleri Sniffin Sticks Testi (SST) ve Pensilvanya Üniversitesi Koku Tanımlama Testi (UPSIT) idi. Bazı araştırmacılar koku fonksiyonunda anlamlı bir bozulma bulmasalar da, çalışmaların çoğunda özellikle dopaminerjik yolağı ilgilendiren hastalıklarda (ör. DEHB, otizm ve şizofreni) koku bozukluğu dikkati çekmiştir. Bu derlemede, nöropsikiyatrik hastalıklarda koku bozukluğunun olası tanısal ve prognostik belirteç özelliği tartışılmıştır. Görüntüleme yöntemleri, elektrofizyolojik sistem ve genetik çalışmalarla entegre araştırmalar, koku ve nöropsikiyatrik hastalıklar arasındaki ilişkiyi aydınlatmak açısından önem taşıyacaktır.
Clinical Assessment and Implication of Olfactory Dysfunction in Neuropsychiatric Disorders of Childhood and Adulthood: A Review of Literature
Olfactory function comes into prominence in the neuroscience study area after revealing that olfactory dysfunction is considered as an early diagnostic pre-motor biomarker of Parkinson’s disease. Researchers have also examined the sense of smell in detail in patients with other neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we present data from a systematic literature review in olfactory function in child and adult neuropsychiatric disorders. We have researched autism spectrum disorders (ASD), epilepsy, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Due to smell test techniques and heterogeneity of studies, the total number of studies was limited. The disorders were grouped according to smell test techniques. The most commonly-used tests were Sniffin Sticks Test (SST) and the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). Although some researcher did not find any significant impairment in olfaction, most studies indicated that olfactory dysfunction was very striking, especially in disorders involving in the dopaminergic pathway (e.g., ADHD, autism, and schizophrenia). In this review, possible future diagnostic or prognostic markers of olfactory dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disorders have been discussed. More studies that combine imaging methods, the electrophysiologic system, and genetic research are needed to clarify the relationship between olfaction and neuropsychiatric disorders.

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