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Yıl:2003; Cilt: 11; Sayı: 3>> Özet
Psikiyatri Psikoloji Psikofarmakoloji (3P) Dergisi; 2003;11(3):197-206
Örtük bellek ve yaşlanma: Örtük bellek yaşlanmaya rağmen korunabilir?
B Cangöz, Ü Ateşkan
Marmara Üniv, İstanbul
Amaç: Örtük belleğin yaş ile ilişkisi, son yirmi yılda, insan belleği ile ilgili araştırmalarda en çok odaklanılan konulardan biri olmuştur. Örtük bellek geçmiş olayların otomatik ve bilinçsiz olarak hatırlanmasına karşılık kullanılan bir terimdir. Araştırmanın ana amacı yaşın örtük bellek performansına etkisini incelemektir. Yöntem: Bu araştırmada, genç (20-27 yaş) ve yaşlı (65 yaş ve üstü) yetişkinlerde, bilgi işleme düzeyi (imgeleme ve okuma), eğitim düzeyi (5/8 yıl -15 yıl ve üstü) ve test türü değişkenlerinin (kelime kökü tamamlama ve anagram çözme) örtük bellek testi puanları üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Örtük belleği ölçmek amacıyla kullanılan testlerden kelime kökü tamamlama algısal bileşenleri, anagram çözme testi ise kavramsal bileşenleri daha fazla olan testlerdir. Bulgular: Araştırma bulgularına göre, eğitim düzeyi ve test türü değişkenlerinin örtük bellek testi puanları üzerindeki temel etkisi ile yaş ve eğitim düzeyi değişkenlerinin ortak etkisi anlamlı düzeyde bulunmuştur. Yaşın temel etkisinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde olmaması, genç ve ileri yaşlı grup arasında örtük bellek testi puanları açısından fark olmadığını göstermiştir. Tartışma: Bulgular ışığında, yaşlılarla gençler örtük bellek testlerinden alınan puanlar açısından benzer bir örüntü sergilemiştir. Bulgular algısal ve kavramsal örtük bellek testleri arasındaki ayrımı açıklamaya çalışan yaklaşımlar çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.



Implicit Memory and Aging: Is Implicit Memory Intact In Spite of Aging?
Objective: One of the important study areas on human memory over the last two decades is age diferences in implicit memory tests. Implicit memory refers to unconscious or automatic recollection of past events. The main goal of this study is to invastigate effects of age differences on implicit memory performance. Method: In the present study we examined the effects of level-of-processing (imagery vs. reading), education (5-8 [year]s vs 15 [year] and over) and test type (word stem completion:WSC vs anagram solution: AS) in young (20-27) and old (65 and over) adults. WSC task requires access to perceptual information, AS task require access to semantic information. Results: The data showed that there were significant main effects of education and test type variable in implicit memory performance. The education and age interaction was also significant. However, there wasn’t any significant age main effect that the young and the old group showed similar performance in WSC and AS tasks. Discussion: The results are discussed within the frame work of an approaches differentiate between perceptual and conceptual implicit memory tests.

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