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Yıl:1999; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Kriz Dergisi; 1999;7(2):9-16
Psikiyatrik kriz vakalarında hatalı otomatik düşünceler ve fonksiyonel olmayan tutumların sıklığı
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Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psiki­yatri Anabilim Dalı
Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı bilişsel çarpıtma­lar ve foksiyonel olmayan tutumların kriz durumuna yatkınlık yaratıp-yaratmadığının belirlenmesidir.
Yöntem: Araştırmada 50 kişiden oluşan kriz va­kaları grubu ile onlar ile cinsiyet, yaş ve eğitim sü­resi yönlerinden eşleştirilmiş 50 kişiden oluşmuş bir kontrol grubu kullanılmış ve bu kişilere bir anket formu ile Beck Depresyon Ölçeği, Beck Anksiyete Envanteri, Otomatik Düşünceler Ölçeği ve Foksiyo­nel Olmayan Tutumlar Ölçeği uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Kriz grubu İle kontrol grubunun uygu­lanan bütün ölçeklerden aldıkları puanlar arasında istatistiksel bakımdan anlamlı fark olduğu görül­müştür. Aynca anne-baba ailesi parçalanmış bir kişi olmak, bir yakınını ölüm İle kaybetmek, kayıp dışında ruhsal travmalar yaşamış olmak, sözel, fi­ziksel ya da cinsel istismara uğramış ya da uğru­yor olmak ve daha önce intihar girişiminde bulun­muş olmak kriz durumu yaşamada risk faktörüdür.
Tartışma ve Sonuç: Bu araştırmanın bulguları kriz vakalarında bilişsel çarpıtmaların ve fonksiyonel olmayan tutumların sıklığının kontrollerden ista­tistiksel bakımdan anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu sonuç kriz durumunun ortaya çıkmasından bu kişilerdeki bilişsel sınırlılığın etkili olabileceğini ve krize müdahale yaklaşımında hatalı otomatik düşünceleri ve fonksiyonel olmayan tutumları ele alan bilişsel terapi yaklaşımlarının ya­rarlı olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Ayrıca belirle­nen risk faktörlerini taşıyan kişi ve grupların sapta­narak bunlara koruyucu hizmetlerin götürülmesi gereklidir.
The prevalence of cognitive distortions and dysfunctional attitudesin psychiatric crisis cases
Object: The aim of this study is to determine if cognitive distortions and dysfunctional attitudes create trends to crises states.
Method: 50 crisis patients were matched with control group by means age, sex and education. All subjects were given an interview form and Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Au­tomatic Thoughts Quesstionnaire, Dysfunctional Attitude Scale.
Results: Crisis patients had higher scores than the control group in all scales. In addition, parental divorces or separation, loss of a significant other by death, other psychological traumas, verbal, physical or sexual abuse and suicide attempts were the risk factors in crisis situations. Conclusion: We found that the frequency of the cognitive distortions and dysfunctional attitudes in crisis cases were more than the control cases. This result may show that the cognitive limitations of these persons can be effective on arising of the crisis situations and it has been thought that cogni­tive therapy approaches can be useful in the crisis intervention. Moreover, it's necessary to bring the prevention services to persons and groups with the indicated risk factors.

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