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Yıl:2002; Cilt: 39; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2002;39(1):20-26
Damar yolu ile eroin kullananların genel özellikleri
EC Evren, D Çakmak
Bak›rköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastanesi, AMATEM Kliniği, İstanbul
Amaç: Bu çalışmada eroin bağımlılığı nedeniyle yatarak tedavi gören olguların damar yoluyla eroin kullananlarla, diğer eroin kullananların biyo-psiko-sosyal özellikler açısından karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Çalışma kapsamına AMATEM kliniğinde 1997 ila 2000 tarihleri arasında eroin kullanım bozukluğu nedeniyle yatarak tedavi gören 470 olgu alınmış, olgulara yarı yapılandırılmış ve madde kullanım özelliklerini de kapsayan sosyodemografik form uygulanmıştır.

Bulgular: Olguların %65.7’si halen düzenli olarak damar yoluyla eroin kullandıklarını bildirmiştir. Damar yoluyla eroin kullananların yaş ortalaması (30.33 ± 8.2), kullanmayanlara göre (36.18 ± 10.08) düşük bulunmuştur. Eroini damar yoluyla kullanan olgularda bekar olma, anne-baba ile yaşama, işsizlik, madde kullanımına bağlı sosyal sorunlar yaşama, özkıyım girişimi öyküsü ve ilk kullanılan maddenin esrar olma oranları yüksekti. Damar yoluyla eroin kullananlarda ilk madde kullanma ve yoğun madde kullanmaya başlama yaşlarının daha erken olduğu bulundu.

Sonuç: Yatarak tedavi gören eroin kullanıcıları arasında damar yoluyla eroin kullanımı yüksek orandadır. Damar yoluyla eroin kullananların bu yöntemden vazgeçmesi kadar, diğer kullanım yöntemlerinden damar yoluyla eroin kullanımına geçişi önlemek de toplum sağlığı açısından önemli görünmektedir. Damar yoluyla madde kullanımı ile ilişkili riskler belirlenmeli ve özellikle eğitimsel içerikli zarar azaltmaya yönelik pratik çözümler üretilerek, diğer tedavi yöntemleri ile birlikte uygulanmalıdır. Eroin kullanmaya erken yaşlarda başlamanın eroini damar yoluyla kullanma için risk faktörü olarak saptanması, planlanan programların özellikle eroin kullanmaya erken yaşta başlamış genç kullanıcılara yönelik olması gerektiğini göstermektedir.



General Properties of Intravenous Heroin Users
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare bio-psycho-social properties of intravenous heroin users with other heroin users among inpatient heroin dependents.

Method: Semi-structured socio-demographic form, which also included questions about drug usage properties, have been applied to 470 inpatient heroin abusers, at the AMATEM clinic in the [year]s between 1997 and 2000.

Results: Sixty six percent of the heroin abusers included in this study reported that they are injectors. The mean age of patients were found to be lower among injectors (30.33 ± 8.2) than non-injectors (36.18 ± 10.08). The proportion of being single, living with family, being unemployed, having social problems because of drug use, suicide attempt and cannabis being the first psychoactive drug that was used were found to be higher among injectors than non-injectors. It was found that first age of drug use and age of starting heavy drug use was early among those who share injectors.

Conclusion: The rate of injecting among inpatient heroin abusers is high. Protecting non-injectors from using injection is important for public health issues, as it is important for injectors to stop injecting. Risks for injecting must be determined and practical interventions especially educational harm reduction must be used with other treatment strategies. Since early use of heroin has been found to be risk factor for intravenous heroin use, young heroin users who started to use heroin in early age must be the target of interventions that is planned.

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