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Yıl:2002; Cilt: 39; Sayı: 2-4>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2002;39(2-4):67-74
Major depresif bozukluk tanısı alan hastalarda aleksitiminin belirti örüntüsü üzerine etkisi
MM Demet, A Deveci, E Özmen, FS Şen, İ İçelli
Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı Manisa
Amaç: Bu çalışmada major depresif bozukluğu olan 100 hastada aleksitiminin depresyonun şiddeti ve semptomatolojisi üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Hastanesi Psikiyatri Polikliniğine başvuran ve major depresif bozukluk tanısı konan ardışık 100 hasta çalışma örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Hastalara Demografik Bilgi Formu, Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE), Hamilton Depresyon Derecelendirme Ölçeği(HDDÖ), Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği(TAÖ) ve Belirti Tarama Listesi(SCL-90-R) uygulanmıştır.

Sonuçlar: TAÖ 10/11 kesme noktasına göre örneklem 32 (%32) aleksitimik olmayan, 68 (%68) aleksitimik olan hastadan oluşan alt gruplara ayrılmıştır. BDE ve HDDÖ puanları aleksitimik grupta anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. BDE’ne göre çekirdek depresyon belirtileri, aleksitimik grupta genel olarak daha şiddetli yaşanan belirtiler olarak belirlenmiştir. SCL-90-R’ye göre aleksitimik grupta genel olarak psikopatoloji düzeyi daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Wilks’ Lambda diskriminant analizine göre kişiler arası duyarlılık ve fobik anksiyete alt ölçeklerine ait ölçek maddeleri aleksitimik alt grup için belirleyici maddeler olarak saptanmıştır.

Tartışma: Psikiyatri polikliniğine baş vuran ve major depresif bozukluğu olan hastalarda aleksitimi görülme oranı yüksektir. Aleksitimik özellik depresyonlu hastalarda belirti dağılımından çok depresyon şiddeti ile ilişkili bir özellik olarak görünmektedir. Depresyona eşlik eden anksiyete aleksitiminin depresyon üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirirken mutlak göz önünde bulundurulması gereken bir durumdur. Aleksitimi genel psikopatoloji düzeyi ile de ilişkili görünmektedir.

The Effect of Alexithymia on Symptomatology in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the effects of alexithymia on depressive symptomatology.

Method: The sample of the study is consisted of 100 consecutive patients diagnosed as major depressive disorder in the outpatient psychiatric department of Celal Bayar University Hospital. Demografic Information Form, Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), and Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R) were used for assessment.

Results: The sample was classified as alexithymic, n=68(%68) and non-alexithymic, 32(%32) in terms of 10/11 cutoff point of TAS. There were significant differences in the mean scores of BDI and HDRS. The core affective symptoms according to BDI were more severe in the alexithymic subgroup than the non-alexithymic subgroup. Scores on SCL-90-R showed high overall psychopathology in alexithymic patients. By Wilks’ Lambda discriminant analysis, interpersonal sensitivity and phobic anxiety were found as the determining symptoms for alexithymic subgroup.

Discussion: In outpatients with major depressive disorder, the level of alexithymia is very high. It seems to be associated with the severity of depression rather than symptomatology. Comorbid anxiety must be considered during the assessment of the effect of alexithymia on depression. Alexithymia seems to be related with overall psychopathology.

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