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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 52; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2015;52(1):15-18
Canlı Vericili Karaciğer Nakli Sonrasında Erken Dönemde Gelişen Nörolojik Komplikasyonların DeğerlendirilmesiHastalarına İlişkin Tutumlar Ölçeklerinin Psikometrik Özellikleri
E Otan, C Aydın, H Yönder, C Kayaalp, Y Kaplan, S Yılmaz
Inönü University, Malatya
Amaç: Karaciğer nakli, son dönem karaciğer yetmezliğinin tedavisinde en seçkin yöntemdir. Ülkemizde organ bağışı oranının ihtiyaçları karşılayacak düzeyin altında olması nedeniyle canlı vericili karaciğer nakli (CVKN) daha sık uygulanmaktadır. Karaciğer nakli sonrası postoperatif dönemde gelişen nörolojik komplikasyonlar kötü prognozda önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, CVKN yapılan ve kliniğimize ait yoğun bakım ünitesinde izlenen hastalarda postoperatif erken dönemde gelişen nörolojik komplikasyonları değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Ağustos 2011–Ağustos 2012 arasında 217 CVKN yapılan hasta içinde preoperatif dönemde herhangi bir nörolojik yakınması olmayan fakat postoperatif erken dönemdeki izlemleri sırasında yeni gelişen nörolojik semptom ve/veya bulgular nedeniyle nöroloji bölümünden konsültasyonu istenen hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. 217 CVKN yapılan hastanın 29’unda (%13,36) nöroloji konsültasyonu istenmişti. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, primer hastalıkları, Model for End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) skoru, yaşayan hastaların hastanede kalış süreleri, kullanılan immunsupresif tedavilere ilişkin veriler retrospektif olarak incelendi. Konsültasyon endikasyonları ve tanıları akut konfüzyonel durum/ensefalopati, epileptik nöbet, serebrovasküler hastalık başlıkları altında sınıflandı. Nörolojik komplikasyon gelişen ve gelişmeyen hastalar iki grup halinde bu veriler yönünden karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 44,52±16,24 olan hastalarda erkek cinsiyet baskın idi (%65,5, n=19). Sıklık sırasına göre akut konfüzyonel durum/ensefalopati (%65,5, n=19), epileptik nöbet (%27,6, n=8), ve serebrovasküler hastalık (%6,9, n=2) gelişmişti. Nörolojik komplikasyon gelişmeyen hastalarla kıyaslandığında, erken dönemde nörolojik komplikasyon gelişen hastalarda yaş ortalaması (44,5±16,2’ye karşılık 34,33±20,98), etiyolojide viral nedenlerin oranı (%55,17’ye karşılık %35,63), postoperatif hastanede kalış süresi (10±5,47 gün’e karşılık 29,80±15,04 gün) ve mortalite oranı (%65,5’e karşılık %37,32) anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Sonuç: CVKN hastalarında erken dönemde gelişen nörolojik komplikasyonlar postoperatif hastanede kalış süresini uzatmakta ve sağ kalıma olumsuz etki göstermektedir.
Evaluation of Early Postoperative Neurological Complications Following Living Donor Liver Transplantation
Introduction: Liver transplantation is one of the best treatment options for end-stage liver disease. In Turkey, living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is performed more frequently than cadaveric transplantation, because organ donation is unpopular in our country. Neurological complications contribute to poor postoperative outcomes after liver transplantation. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the outcomes of LDLT patients in whom such complications developed early during postoperative follow-up in the intensive care unit. Methods: Of 217 LDLTs performed between August 2011 and August 2012, neurology consultations were arranged for 29 patients (13.36%) because of development of new-onset neurological symptoms and/or findings in patients with neurologically uneventful preoperative histories. We retrospectively collected data on age, gender, primary disease, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score, and postoperative hospitalization duration of those who survived. The indications for neurological consultation and diagnoses were categorized into acute confusion/encephalopathy, epileptic seizures, leukoencephalopathy, and focal neurological deficits. The immunosuppressive treatment regimens prescribed were also considered. The outcomes of the 2 groups (with and without neurological complications) were compared. Results: The mean patient age was 44.52±16.24 years, and males predominated (65.5%, n=19). Acute confusion/encephalopathy was the most frequent complication (62.1%, n=18), followed by epileptic seizures (27.6%, n=8), cerebrovascular disease (6.9%, n=2), and leukoencephalopathy (3.4%, n=1). Statistically significant between-group differences in age (44.5±16.2 vs. 34.33±20.98 years; p<0.001), and proportions of patients with a disease of viral etiology (55.17% vs. 35.63%, p<0.05), were evident. Mortality was significantly higher in the group with neurological complications (65.5% vs. 37.32%, p<0.05). The duration of postoperative hospitalization was also significantly longer in this group (29.80±15.04 vs. 10.00±5.47 days; p<0.05). Conclusion: Mortality was significantly higher and the duration of postoperative hospitalization significantly longer in LDLT patients with new-onset neurological complications than in those without such complications.

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