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Yıl:2005; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türkiye'de Psikiyatri; 2005;7(1):15-24
Alkol Bağımlılarında Biyokimyasal Parametreler ve Doppler Ultrasonografi; Karaciğer Hasarının Saptanmasında Yeterlilikleri
S Coşar, B Coşar, H Özdemir, Z Arıkan
Ankara Onkoloji Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Radyoloji Kliniği
Giriş: Alkol bağımlılığı, madde kullanımı ile İI3İIİ bozukluklardan en sık sörülenidir. Alkol bağımlılarında karaciğer
kan akımı çalışmaları sonucunda farklı veriler elde edilmiştir. Bazı yazarlar etanol uysulanımını takiben karaciğer
kan akımında artış tariflerken, bazıları buna katılmamaktadır
Bu çalışmanın amacı çeşitli kan tetkikleri ve Doppler US parametreleriyle karaciğer patolojisi düzeyinin alkol
bağımlılığı düzeyi ile arasındaki ilişkinin varlığının saptanmasıdır. Dolayısıyla alkol bağımlılarında alkolik hepatit, siroz
ya da portal hipertansiyon sibi gelişmesi muhtemel patolojiler ortaya çıkmadan önce birtakım öncü bulguların
hekimi yönlendirmede kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılmasıdır.
Yöntem: Araştırmaya 30 alkol bağımlısı ve kontrol amacıyla gelen 30 poliklinik hastası olmak üzere toplam 60
erkek hasta alınmıştır. Alkol bağımlılığı tanısı almış hastalardan, kliniğe yatışlarının birinci haftası sonrası 12 saatlik
açlığı takiben sabah tam kan hücre sayımları ve sedimentasyon değerleri, tam kan biyokimyası, Vit B12, folik asit,
ferritin değerleri, pıhtılaşma testleri, serolojik inceleme yapılmıştır.
Tüm hastalar 12 saatlik açlığı takiben, gri skala, Doppler US ile incelenmişlerdir. Gerekli olan durumlarda renkli ve
power Doppler yöntemlerinden de yararlanılmıştır. Gri skala değerlendirmede; karaciğer kraniyokaudal boyutu
ve dalak volümü tesbit edilmiştir. Dupleks Doppler US ölçümleri ile; portal ven çapı, alanı, portal venöz hız,
hepatik arterin ve superior mezenterik arterin pik sistolik, end diyastolik ve ortalama hızları tesbit edilmiştir. Ayrıca
resistivite indeksi (Rl), pulsatilite indeksi (Pl) ve sistolik (S) / diyastolik (D) hız oranları hesaplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Bu çalışmada karaciğer patolojisinin değerlendirilmesinde kan tetkikleri (Gama glutamil transpeptidaz
(GGT) hariç) ve alkol bağımlılığının düzeyi arasında önemli bir ilişki saptanamamıştır. Tüm kan lipid değerleri
birlikte değerlendirildiğinde alkol bağımlılarında serum kolesterol, trigliserid ve düşük dansiteli lipoprotein (LDL)
değerlerinde belirgin artış saptanırken, yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein (HDL) ve çok düşük dansiteli lipoprotein
(VLDL) değerlerinde belirgin değişiklik saptanmamıştır. Gruplar arasında karaciğer boyutu, portal ven (PV), portal
ven pik sitolik hızı (PV PSV), hepatik arter pik sistolik hızı (HA PSV), hepatik arter end diyastolik hızı (HA EDV),
superior mesenterik arter pik sistolik hız (SAAA PSV) ve superior mesenterik arter end diyastolik hızı (SMA EDV)
değerleri arasında istatistiksel anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu izlenmiştir.
Tartışma: Doppler ultrasonografi gibi non-inyaziv ve güvenilir bir metod ile siroz, portal hipertansiyon ya da
alkolik hepatit gibi alkol bağımlılığı olan hastalarda gelişmesi beklenen patolojiler gelişmeden önce, belirgin
karaciğer hasarı bulguları da olmaksızın portal Dopplerin non-spesifik ancak hekimi uyarıcı öncü bulgular elde
edilmesini sağladığı gözlenmiştir.
Biochemical Parameters and Doppler Ultrasonography in Alcohol Dependents: Usefulness in Predicting Liver Damage
Objective: Alcohol dependence is the most common form of substance dependence. There are contradictory results about the doppler
ultrasonographic findings of alcohol dependent patients. The aim of this study is to determine the existence of the relationship between blood screen
tests and Doppler ultrasonography parameters of liver pathology level in alcohol dependent patients and to find out the usefulness of some predictive
signs about possible pathologies such as alcoholic hepatitis, chirosis or portal hypertension in alcohol dependent patients.
Method: Total 60 male patients were included in the study. 30 of them were alcohol dependent patients where other 30 were control patients
without any known alcohol problem or liver problem. In the first week of their hospitalization, after 12 hours of hunger, blood samples were taken for
complete blood count, erytrocyte sedimentation rate, total biochemical analyses, levels of vitamine B12, folic ascid, ferritin, coagulation factors and
serologic investigation.
All patients were evaluated by gray scale Doppler ultrasonography after 12 hours of hunger. In necessary conditions, colour and power Doppler
methods were used. In gray scale evaluation,- the craniocaudal length of liver and spleen volume were assessed. By Doppler ultrasonography evaluation,
diameter of the portal vein, portal venous velocity, peak-systolic, end diastolic and means of the velocities of hepatic and superior mesenteric arteries
were assessed. Beside these resistivity index (Rl), pulsatility index (PI) and systolic (S) / diastolic (D) velocity ratios were calculated.
Results: As a result, in this study an important correlation between blood screen tests (except gama glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)) and the level of
alcohol dependence in the evaluation of liver pathology was not found. In the evaluation of blood lipid levels,- serum cholesterol, triglyceride and low
density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were found to be high, whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) and very low density lipoprotein VLDL levels remained
unchanged.
There ware significant differences between the groups in terms of length of liver, portal vein (PV), portal vein peak systolic volume (PV PSV), hepatic
artery peak systolic volume (HA PSV), hepatic artery end diastolic volume (HA EDV), superior mesenteric artery peak systolic volume (SMA PSV) and
superior mesenteric artery end diastolic volume (SMA EDV).
Discussion: With a non-invasive and reliable method such as Doppler ultrasonography, in alcohol dependent patients with cirhosis, portal hypertension
or alcoholic hepatitis, pathologies can be detected before they develop and/or cause specific liver damage signs, and thus this method provides the
specialists with non-specific but predictive signs.

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