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Yıl:1998; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 1998;1(2):109-114
Somatoform Bozuklukların ilaçla Tedavisi
HE Öncüoğlu, N Yüksel
Gazi Üniversitesi , ANKARA
Bu çalışmada somatoform bozuklukların tedavisi gözden geçirilmiştir. Diğer tedavi yöntemlerinden kısmen bahsedilse de, daha çok ilaçla tedavi üzerinde durulmuştur. Somatizasyon bozukluğu ve konversiyon bozukluğu başta olmak üzere somatoform bozuklukların ilaçla tedavisini içeren yayınlara literatürde az rastlanmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmaların çoğunluğunu vücut dismorfik bozuklukları oluşturmaktadır. Somatizasyon bozukluğunun tedavisi konusunda hekimin, hastanın izlemi üzerine odaklanması ve olumlu ilişkilerin kurulabilmesi önemlidir. Hastaların antidepresan ilaçlara verdikleri yanıtın olumlu olduğu belirtilmektedir. Birlikte anksiyete bozukluğu olabilen hastalarda bunaltı giderici ilaçlar da kullanılabilmektedir. Konversiyon bozukluğunun ilaçlarla tedavisi konusunda bilgiler yeterli değildir. Ancak amobarbital ve benzodiyazepinlerin kullanımı ile ilgili yayınlarla karşılaşılmaktadır. Hipokondriyazis tanısı alan kişiler genellikle psikiyatrik yardımı reddetmekte ve diğer bölümlere başvurmaktadırlar. Hastalığın rasyonel tedavisi konusunda kontrollü klinik denemeler bulunmamaktadır. Ancak son yayınlarda serotonerjik anti-obsesyonel ilaçlarla olumlu tedavi yanıtının alındığı bildirilmektedir. Vücut dismorfik bozukluğunun farmakolojik tedavisi ile ilgili çelişkili bilgiler bulunmaktadır. Seçici serotonin geri alım engelleyicilerinin tedavide ilk seçenek olduğu görüşü önem kazanmaktadır. Somatoform ağrı bozukluğunun tedavisi, belirtileri hafifletebilme ve belirtilerle başedebilme üzerine odaklanmalıdır. Analjeziklerin hastalığın uzun dönem tedavisinde yardımcı olmadıkları; amitriptilin, imipramin ve doksepin gibi antidepresan ilaçların etkili olduğu belirtilmektedir.
Medical Treatment of Somatoform Disorders
In this article we reviewed the treatment of somatoform disorders. The therapeutic methods especially the drug treatment of the disorder was mentioned. In the literature, there is not much information about the medical treatment procedures of somatoform disorders, especially about somatization disorder and conversion disorder. The researches are mostly in the area of body dysmorfic disorder. For the treatment of somatization disorder, the physician has to concentrate on the follow-up of the patient. The physician must also have a good relationship with the patient. The anxiolytic drugs can be used for the treatment of patients who also have anxiety disorder. Our knowledge about the medical therapy of conversion disorders is limited. However, there are reports on using amobarbital and benzodiazepines in the treatment of disorder in the literature. The hypochondriac patients do usually refuse psychiatric support and be admitted to the other medical specialists. There are no controlled clinical trials for the rational treatmant of this disorder. However recently ,the use of serotonergic anti-obsessional drugs has been proven to be effective in hypochondriasis. There are conflicting data about the pharmacological treatment of body dysmorphic disorder. These growing evidence indicates that the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the drugs of first choice. The treatment of somatoform pain disorder is mainly related upon improvement of signs and to cope with the pain. The analgesics are not useful for the long-term therapy. On the other hand, antidepressant drugs like amitriptillin, imipramin and doksepine are effective in the treatment.

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