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Yıl:2014; Cilt: 51; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2014;51(1):23-26
Endüstriyel Bir Patlama Sonrasında Akut Stres Bozukluğu ve Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu Gelişiminde Olası Risk Faktörleri
İ Taymur, AE Sargın, K Özdel, HM Türkçapar, L Çalışgan,E Zamkı, B Demirel
Ankara Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Ankara
Giriş: Şubat 2011’de Ankara’da bir sanayi bölgesinde yaralanma ve can kaybının olduğu bir patlama gerçekleşmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bu kişiler arasında Akut Stres Bozukluğu (ASB) ve Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğunun (TSSB) yaygınlığını tespit etmek ve TSSB için risk faktörü olabilecek değişkenleri saptamaktır. Yöntem: Felaket gerçekleştiği sırada fabrika binası ve yakınındaki 4 binada bulunanlardan 197 kişi çalışmaya katılmıştır. Tüm katılımcılar patlamadan bir ay sonra değerlendirilmiş ve bu kişilerden 157’si altıncı ayda tekrar değerlendirilmiştir. Katılımcılara patlamadan sonraki birinci ayda sosyodemografik veri formu ve klinisyen tarafından uygulanan travma sonrası stres bozukluğu ölçeği; TSSB-Ö (Clinician-Administered-PTSD Scale; CAPS) uygulanmıştır. Katılımcıların psikiyatrik tanılarını saptamak için, DSM-IV eksen-I bozuklukları için yapılandırılmış klinik görüşme (SCID-I) uygulanmıştır. Altıncı ayda TSSB-Ö tekrar uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Birinci ayda katılımcıların %37,1’inde travmaya bağlı ASB, %13,7’sinde TSSB tespit edilmiştir. Altıncı ayda TSSB %16,6 oranında bulunmuştur. Birinci ayda, öncesinde herhangi bir ruhsal hastalık tanısına sahip olma, travmada fiziksel zarar görme, ölen ve yaralananlar arasında tanıdık olması, olay yerinin merkezinde olma ve ölen kişi görme, TSSB gelişiminde risk faktörü olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Altıncı ayda bireyde, fiziksel hasar görme, ölen veya yaralananlar arasında tanıdık olması ve olay yerinin merkezinde olma TSSB gelişiminde risk faktörü olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç: Patlama sonrasında ASB ve TSSB gibi psikopatolojiler yüksek oranda gözlemlenmektedir. Daha önceden bir ruhsal hastalık bulunması yanı sıra patlamadan doğrudan etkilenme ve fiziksel yaralanmanın travma sonrası stres bozukluğu geliştirmede risk faktörü olduğu, koruyucu ruh sağlığı hizmetlerinde mevcut psikiyatrik durumun yönetimi ve çalışan güvenliğinin önemli olabileceği düşünülmüştür.
Possible Risk Factors for Acute Stress Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After an Industrial Explosion
Introduction: There have been deaths and injuries after an explosion which happened in an industrial region in Ankara in February 2011. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of acute stress disorder (ASD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and to determine the variables which can be the risk factors for PTSD. Methods: In this study, we included a total of 197 subjects who were present at the factory building and at the four offices nearby when the disaster occurred. All the participants were assessed one month after the explosion and 157 of them were re-assessed six months after the explosion. Socio-demographic information forms were given and the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) was administered to the participants one month after the explosion. Psychiatric assessments were done using the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis-I disorders (SCID-I). The CAPS was re-applied six month after the disaster. Results: At the first-month assessments, ASD was detected in 37.1% of participants and PTSD in 13.7%, whereas PTSD was observed in 16.6% of subjects at the sixth month of the accident. According to the first month data, having any psychiatric disorder before the incident, physical injury, acquaintances among the dead and the injured people, being involved in the incident and seeing dead people were detected as the risk factors for PTSD. At the sixthmonth assessment, physical injury, acquaintances among the dead and the injured, being involved in the incident were seen as risk factors for PTSD. Conclusion: ASD and PTSD can be seen after an explosion. Having a previous psychiatric disorder and being directly affected by trauma and being injured are the risk factors for PTSD. This study implies that preventive mental health care services should include the management of current psychiatric condition and employee safety issues.

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