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Yıl:2014; Cilt: 25; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2014;25(3):201-211
Klozapin Tedavisine Kısmi Yanıt Veren Şizofreni Hastalarında Tedaviyi Güçlendirme: Bir Sistematik Gözden Geçirme
S Vayısoğlu, AEA Yağcıoğlu
Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara
Klozapin tedavisi kullanan şizofreni hastalarının önemli bir oranı tedaviye kısmi yanıt vermektedir. Bu grup hastalarda klozapin tedavisine değişik psikotropların eklendiği güçlendirme yöntemleri ile ilgili bulgular çelişkilidir. Bu derlemede klozapin tedavisine dirençli şizofreni hastalarında güçlendirme ajanlarının etkinliği ve güvenliği ile ilgili yazın verileri gözden geçirilmiştir. Klozapini tedaviye dirençli şizofreni hastalarında güçlendirmek için kullanılan ek tedaviler antipsikotikler, antidepresanlar, duygudurum düzenleyicileri, diğer farmakolojik ajanlar (örneğin omega 3 yağ asitleri ve glutamaterjik tedaviler) ve elektrokonvulzif tedavi (EKT) olarak gruplanmıştır. Klozapinin tedaviye dirençli şizofreni hastalarında güçlendirilmesi ile ilgili en çok kontrollü çalışmanın lamotrijin ve risperidon ile yapılmış olduğu görülmektedir. Ancak, meta analizler iki ajanın da klozapine eklenmesinin yararını desteklememektedir. Klozapinin amisülprid, aripiprazol, mirtazapin, omega 3 yağ asitleri ve EKT ile güçlendirilmesinin olumlu sonuç verdiğini destekleyen çalışmalar olsa da, delil/kanıt yeterli değildir ve ek araştırmalara gereksinim vardır. Güncel çalışmalarda başlıca kısıtlılık, örneklem küçüklüğü, klozapine direnç tanımının sabit olmaması ve tanımlanmış sonlanım ölçütleri ile çalışma desenlerinin farklılık göstermesidir. Sonuç olarak, klozapin tedavisine dirençli şizofreni hastalarında tedavinin güçlendirilmesi yöntemlerinin başarısı ile ilgili henüz yeterli kanıt yoktur.
Augmentation Strategies in Patients with Schizophrenia Who Show Partial Response to Clozapine Treatment
A significant proportion of patients with schizophrenia receiving clozapine remain with partial response. In this group of patients findings regarding addition of various psychotropics to ongoing clozapine treatment for augmentation are controversial. In this review, literature regarding the efficacy and safety of adjunctive agents in clozapine resistant schizophrenic patients is examined. Augmentation agents added to clozapine in treatment resistant schizophrenic patients consist of antipsychotics, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, other agents (eg. omega 3 fatty acids and glutamatergic agents) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in this review. The number of controlled studies evaluating augmentation of clozapine in schizophrenia patients are highest for risperidone and lamotrigine add on treatments. However, the results of recent meta-analyses studies do not support any benefit of either agent as adjunct to clozapine treatment. Some evidence regarding the success of clozapine augmentation with amisulpride, aripiprazole, mirtazapine, omega 3 fatty acids and ECT have been obtained which needs further clinical investigation. Current findings from relevant clinical studies point that theses studies have limitations of small sample size, variable definitions of clozapine resistance, heterogenity of outcome measures and methodological designs and that sufficient evidence does not yet exist regarding the success of various adjunctive treatments for clozapine resistant patients.

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