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Yıl:2014; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi; 2014;7(2):51-55
Bipolar Bozuklukta Antipsikotik Tedavi İlkeleri
S Kesebir
Erenköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul
Şizofreni tedavisinin olmazsa olmazı olarak görülen ikinci kuşak antipsikotikler geçtiğimiz on yıl içerisinde geleneksel duygudurum dengeleyici ilaçlara eklenmek yoluyla ya da bunların bir alternatifi olarak bipolar bozukluk tedavisinde bir tedavi seçeneği haline gelmişlerdir. Kullanımları sıklıkla manik dönem için ortaya konmakla birlikte, giderek artan sayıda kanıt, depresif dönem ve uzun süreli sürdürümde de etkili ve güvenilir kullanılabilirliklerini göstermektedir. İkinci kuşak antipsikotikler bipolar bozukluğun tedavisinde antipsikotik kullanımına, önemli değişiklikler getirmişlerdir. İlk olarak, metodolojisi sağlam çalışmalarla bipolar bozukluğun farklı dönemlerindeki etkililiklerini, güvenilirlikleri ile birlikte kanıtlamışlardır. İkinci olarak şizofrenideki kısa ve uzun süreli kullanımlarının sonuçları, birinci kuşak antipsikotiklerden daha güvenilir seçenekler olduklarını göstermiştir. Üçüncüsü, nöronal plastisite üzerine olumlu etkileri, duygudurum bozukluklarının tedavisinde kullanımlarını yaygınlaştırmıştır. Dördüncü olarak, ikinci kuşak antipsikotiklerin bazılarının duygudurum dengeleyici özellikleri vardır.
Essentials of Antipsychotic Treatment in Bipolar Disorder
Second generation antipsychotics are established as the main treatment for schizophrenia, and over past decade have become a therapeutic option for bipolar disorder, as both alternative and adjunctive treatments to traditional mood stabilisers. While they have been most commonly assessed as treatments for mania, there is increasing evidence of the efficacy and safety of some of them in the treatment of bipolar depression and as maintenance treatments of bipolar disorder. The availability of second generation antipsychotics has brought important changes in the management of bipolar disorders. Firstly, methodologically rigorous trials have been designed in order to research their efficacy and safety as a treatment for the different bipolar phases. Secondly, the use of second generation antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia has given short-term and long-term results suggesting that they provide a safer option than first generation antipsychotics. Thirdly, it has been suggested that second generation antipsychotics, via neuronal plasticity determinant molecules, may relate to the therapeutic response process observed in drugs more commonly used as a treatment of affective disorders. Fourthly, some atypical antipsychotics may have mood stabilising properties.

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