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Yıl:2013; Cilt: 6; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi; 2013;6(2):41-51
Bipolar ve Unipolar Bozukluğun Ayırıcı Tanısı
S Özer
Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara
Bipolar bozuklukta (BPB) yanlış tanı oranları çok yüksektir ve ilk başlangıçta en çok unipolar bozuklukla (UPB) karıştırılmaktadır. UPB olan pek çok hastada hipomaninin saptanamaması, hastaların içgörü eksikliği, klinisyenlerin öykü almasında yetersizliği ve şimdiki tanı sistemindeki ölçütlerin kısıtlılığı nedeniyle olmaktadır. Bipolar spektrum (BPS) bozuklukları konusunda uzlaşının olmaması da diğer bir faktördür. BP depresyonunda atipik ve psikotik öğelerin, karma depresyon tablosunun görülmesi, UP depresyona göre daha fazla orandadır. Erken başlangıç yaşı, ailede BPB öyküsünün bulunması, dönemlerin sıklığının ve bazı psikiyatrik ek tanılarının yüksek oranda görülebildiği de bildirilmektedir. Yanlış MDB tanısı konduğunda, hastalar etkin olmayan tedaviler almakta ve duygudurum dengeleyici olmaksızın antidepresan kullanıldığından prognoz olumsuz etkilenmektedir.Hipomaninin tanınabilmesi için, yaşamboyunun titizlikle değerlendirilmesi ve şimdiki nozolojik sistemde hipomaninin tanımındaki süre ve belirti sayısının azaltılması gereklidir. BPS'nun da tanısal sisteme dahil edilebilmesi için geçerlilik çalışmalarının tamamlanması ve uygun tedavinin belirlenmesine ilişkin kanıta dayalı veri oluşturulması, bu alandaki önemli sorunun çözümüne katkı sağlayabilir.
Differential Diagnosis of Bipolar and Unipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder (BPD) appears to be frequently misdiagnosed as unipolar disorder (UPD) on initial presentation. Failure to detect hypomania in UPD can stem from patients' impaired insight, lapses in history-taking and and limitations in current diagnostic criteria. Underdiagnosis may also reflect disagreement about the bipolar spectrum (BPS). Atypical, psychotic features and mixed depressive presentation, presence of early age at onset, family history of BPD, greater number of episodes and psychiatric comorbidities are more prevalent in BP depression. Misdiagnosing a BPD patient as a UPD may have many important consequences, such as inappropriate medications which further worsens the outcome. Lifetime should be considered for the detection of hypomania and fewer symptoms should be required for the diagnosis. The findings which support the validity of inclusion of BPS in the diagnostic classification should accumulate, and the broadening of criteria for BPD would have implications for treatment research which may alleviate the problem.

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