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Yıl:2013; Cilt: 6; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi; 2013;6(2):1-13
Bipolar Afektif Bozuklukta Güncel Genetik Bulgular
Y Ayhan, Y Akkaya, AE Çalı
Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara
Genetik teknolojide gelişmelerle birlikte nöropsikiyatrik hastalıkların toplum temelli araştırmaları da hızlı bir ilerleme göstermiştir. Özellikle son 10 sene içinde giderek artan sayıda yürütülen genom çaplı ilişkilendirme çalışmaları (GWAS) ve tüm genom/ ekzom sekanslama çalışmalarının nöropsikiyatrik hastalıkların genetik etyolojisine ışık tutması umulmaktadır. Bipolar Afektif Bozukluk için de yürütülen GWAS'lar farklı tek nükleotid varyantlarının bozukluk etyolojisinde rol oynayabileceğine işaret etmiş, benzer şekilde bazı yapısal varyantların varlığı öngörülmüştür. Özellikle geniş örneklemlerde ANK3, ODZ4, CACNA1C genlerinde bulunan varyantların sporadik hastalığın gelişmesinde rol oynayan sık görülen varyantlar olabileceği öne sürülmüştür. Öte yandan yeni ortaya çıkmış yapısal varyantların bipolar bozukluk hastalarında daha yüksek oranda mevcut bulunduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Bu yazıda insan genetik çalışmalarına yön veren yeni teknolojiler hakkında bilgi verilecek, bipolar bozukluk örneklemlerinde yapılan güncel çalışmalardan bahsedilecek, ve son olarak da endofenotip yaklaşımı ve bipolar bozuklukta öne sürülen endofenotiplerden söz edilecektir.
Recent Genetic Findings in Bipolar Affective Disorder
With the advances in genetic technology, there have been a rapid increase in the population based studies of neuropsychiatric disorders. In particular, the start of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and whole genome/exome sequencing studies in the last decade are hoped to enlighten the genetic etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. For Bipolar Disorder, GWAS implicates the etiological role of different single nucleotide variants, as well as some structural variants. Especially, the variants in ANK3, ODZ4, CACNA1C genes were called in large populations and were assumed to be the common variants that might play role in sporadic disease. In addition, de novo structural variants were found to be increased in bipolar disorder patients. In this review, we will briefly mention the new technologies that direct human genetic studies, give information on recents studies done on bipolar samples and conclude with the endophenotype concept and proposed endophenotypes on bipolar disorder.

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