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Yıl:2013; Cilt: 6; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi; 2013;6(1):61-67
Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri: Kadının Yeri
N Atasoy
Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi, Zonguldak
Cinsiyetin tersine, toplumsal cinsiyet toplum ve kültür tarafından baskılanan düşünce ve davranışları içerir. Ancak insanlar çoğunlukla, kadın ve erkek olmakla ilgili özelliklerin cinsiyete bağlı olduğunu düşünürler. Günlük hayatta insanlar, atlet, çalışan, ebeveyn gibi özgün sosyal rollerini yerine getirirken de toplumsal cinsiyetlerini ortaya koyarlar. Bu toplumsal rolleri hayata geçirirken farklı biçimlerde etkileşen biyolojik ve psikolojik mekanizmalar devreye girer. Bu psikolojik mekanizmalardan önemli bir tanesi, örtük öğrenme, toplumsal cinsiyet kalıp yargıları açısından önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Bilinçli olarak ''Kadın ve erkek eşittir'' diye düşündüğümüzde bile bu kalıp yargılar kadınlar için çoğunlukla olumsuzdur. Toplumsal hayatta kadın ve erkekler erkeğin daha eşitsizce üstün olduğu bir pozisyonda yer alırlar. Toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri cinsiyete bağlı eşitsizlikle sonuçlanır. Bu süreçte, kadının üzerindeki erkek baskınlığı kadından anne, kız kardeş veya kız evlat olmasını eğitim veya mesleki gelişimine tercih eder.
Social Gender Roles: Women Status
Unlike sex, gender contains thought and behaviours which are imposed by society and culture. But, generally, people are aware of sex; they interpret the characteristics which are regarded as part of man and woman as a feature of sex. In daily life, people carry out gender roles as they enact specific social roles such as athlete, employee, and parent. Performing social roles is enabled by biological and psychological mechanisms that interact in various ways. One of the important psychological mechanism, implicit learning of social gender roles has an important impact on gender stereotypes. These stereotypes generally are negative for women in the most of the time even we consiously think that women and men are equal. Men and women in social life exist in a structure where men have a unequal mastery position over women. Social gender roles result in a discrimination based on sex. In this process, the primary expectations of masculine dominancy from women are being motherhood, sister and daughter due to their biological roles rather than their job identities.

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