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Yıl:2014; Cilt: 15; Sayı: Ek 1>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2014;15(Ek 1):10-14
Venlafaksinin doz artışına bağlı gelişen hiperprolaktinemi: Bir olgu sunumu
EY Demir, Ö Gözlükaya, HO Yazar
Ordu Üniversitesi, Ordu
Venlafaksin, çift etkili bir serotonin ve noradrenalin gerialım inhibitörüdür. Noradrenalin, serotonin ve daha düşük düzeyde dopamin gerialım inhibitörü özellikleri taşımaktadır. Doza bağlı olarak farklı derecelerde gerialımı engeller. Venlafaksin gibi serotonin-noradrenalin gerialım inhibitörlerinin endokrin ve üremeyle ilgili yan etkileri çok nadirdir. Literatürde venlafaksinin galaktoreyi indüklediğine ilişkin bir, dozla ilişkili olarak prolaktin yüksekliğine neden olduğuna ilişkin sadece iki olgu bildirimi vardır. Biz bu olgu sunumunda vasküler demans tanılı 70 yaşında bir kadın hastayı sunduk. Hastaya başka bir merkezde depresif duygudurumu nedeni ile essitalopram başlanmış, ancak 20 mg/güne çıkılmasına rağmen yakınmalarında bir değişiklik olmamıştı. Bunun üzerine tarafımızdan tıbbi tedavisi 75 mg/gün venlafaksinle değiştirilmiş ve yetersiz yanıt nedeniyle ilaç dozu150 mg/güne kadar çıkılmıştır. Venlafaksinin 150 mg/güne çıkılmasının hemen ardından hastada her geçen gün artan şekilde bulantı, kusma, kilo kaybı ve aşırı uykululuk belirtileri gelişmiştir. Bunun üzerine istenen tetkiklerde hiperprolaktinemi saptanmış ve hiperprolaktineminin nedeni araştırılmaya başlanmıştır. Hastada hipofiz adenomunu ekarte etmek için istenen hipofiz manyetik rezonansında bir patoloji saptanmayınca, kullandığı ilaçlar hiperprolaktinemi açısından gözden geçirilmiştir. Hastanın vejetatif yakınmalarının venlafaksin dozunun artışının ardından ortaya çıkması nedeniyle önce venlafaksinden şüphelenilip dozu düşürülmüştür. Hastanın ilaç dozunun 75 mg/güne inilmesinin ardından ölçülen prolaktin değerinin normal sınırlara gerilediği görülmüştür. Bu da daha önce bildirilmiş yayınları destekler niteliktedir ve venlafaksinin prolaktini yükseltici etkisinin dozla ilişkili olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Bu olgu sunumuyla venlafaksinin çok nadir de olsa görülebilecek ve daha çok doza bağlı olduğuna inanılan hiperprolaktinemi yan etkisine dikkat çekilerek bu olgu ışığında bu yan etkinin olası düzenekleri tartışılmıştır.
Hyperprolactinemia connected with venlafaxine: a case report
Venlafaxine is a serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNIR) agent. Besides serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibition effect it has also little effect on dopamine reuptake inhibition. The power of reuptake inhibition is dose dependent. The serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors like venlafaxine have very rare side effects on reproductive and endocrine systems. The literature reveals only one case about venlafaxine causing galactore and two cases of dose related rise in prolactin levels. In this paper, we report a 70 years old female patient with vascular dementia. She had received 20 mg/day escitalopram treatment because of depressive mood but had no benefit. We changed the medical treatment to 75 mg/day venlafaxine and not having proper answer, we raised the dose to 150 mg/day. As soon as the dose was titrated up, the patient started to have symptoms like nausea, vomiting, weight loss and sleepiness that were progressive day by day. Upon investigation of the possible cause of the symptoms, hyperprolactinemia was identified and the mechanisms leading to hyperprolactinemia were further investigated. Magnetic resonance imagings for adenomas were free of proof. Then the drugs used by the patient were evaluated. Venlafaxine was the only possible suspect as the symptoms started after its administration and the dose of the drug was reduced to 75 mg/day and the laboratory showed a decrease in prolactin levels to normal. Data presented in this report is consistent with the previous case reports about dose related elevations of prolactin levels. With this case report, we wanted to attract the attention to a very rare adverse effect of venlafaxine that is believed to be dose related and try to find answers about the possible mechanisms.

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