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Yıl:2002; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2002;3(2):63-74
Yaşlılıkta görülen psikiyatrik rahatsızlıklar
H Güz, EG Çolak
Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri AD, SAMSUN
Yaşlanma ile birlikte psikiyatrik belirtilerden bazılarında artma görülmektedir. En sık rastlanan psikiyatrik hastalıklar arasında ilk sırayı depresyon almaktadır Bunu demans, deliryum, psikotik hastalıklar takip etmektedir. Fonksiyon kaybı, fiziksel hastalığın varlığı, sosyal destek azlığı, kadın cinsiyet, düşük gelir düzeyi ve kognitif bozukluklar gibi koşullar depresyon için kolaylaştırıcı faktörlerdir. Yaşlılarda görülen psikotik semptomlar demans ve depresyonla birlikte olabildiği gibi geç başlangıçlı şizofreniyi de gösteriyor olabilir. Anksiyete bozuklukları genellikle depresyonla birlikte görülürken, demanslı hastalarda daha az rastlanır. Anksiyete ile baş etmek için alkol ve ilaç kötüye kullanımı da yaşlılarda gençlere göre daha sık olmaktadır. Yaşlanmaya bağlı organik problemler arttığından somatik yakınmaları olan hastalarda somatoform bozuklukları tanımlamak da güçleşebilir. Diğer önemli konulardan biri de yaşlanma ile uyku fizyolojisinde olan değişiklikler ve bunların psikiyatrik hastalıkların belirtisi olup olmadığıdır. Fizyolojik değişimlere bağlı olarak psikotrop ilaçların yaşlılarda kullanımı da değişmektedir. Bu nedenle bu yazıda yaşlı hastalarda görülebilecek psikiyatrik hastalıklar ve bu hastalıkların ayırıcı tanıları literatür ışığında gözden geçirilmiştir.

Psychiatric Ilnesses Found In Old Age
Some psychiatric symptoms are found more frequently in aging. Depression is the most common psychiatric illnes. Proceeding depression, dementia, delirium and psychotic illnesses are other commonly found psychiatric symptoms. Conditions like functional handicap, chronic illness, lack of social support, being a woman, a low level of income and cognitive disorders are factors that facilitate depression. While the symptoms of anxiety are generally seen with depression, they are less seen in patients with dementia. The misuse of alcohol and drug to cope with anxiety are more common in the elderly. As organic problems related to aging increase, the diagnosis of somotoform disorders in patients having somatic complaints may be difficult. Other important aspects are the changes in the physiology of sleeping in aging and to define whether they are signs of psychiatric illnesses. The use of psychotrop drugs related to physiological changes vary in the elderly. Due to this reason, in this paper, psychiatric symptoms that could be found in old patients and their differential diagnosis are reviwed in the light of other literature.

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