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Yıl:1999; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Dergisi; 1999;1(1):27-33
Somatizasyonu Nasıl Anlamalıyız? -psikodinamik Değerlendirme
G Koptagel-İlal
Somatoform bozukluklar ve somatizasyon birbiriyle eşanlamlı olarak alınmamalıdırlar. Somatizasyon nonspesifik bir semptom veya bir ön-yatkınlık olup, kendi başına bir hastalık değil, duygusal rahatsızlığı bedensel yakınmalar veya belirtilerle yaşamak, algılamak ve iletmektir. Beden, bireyin çevresiyle etkileşimi ve iletişiminde birincil role sahiptir ve ontogenetik gelişimin içinden geçerek ilerlediği ilk yoldur. Sözel anlatım çok daha sonra gelişmiş bir iletişim yeteneğidir. Beden bu anlatım yeteneğini korur ve sözel yoldan etkileşimin engellendiği ya da yetersiz kaldığı durumlarda yine harekete geçirir. Somatizasyonda beden işlevlerinin algılanmasında bozukluk vardır. Oysa, somatoform bozukluklarda beden yaşantısı ve bedenin bütünlüğü bozulmuştur. Ne var ki, her iki durumda da, biyolojik, nörofizyolojik, psikoendokrinolojik ve psikososyal etmenlerin karşılıklı etkileşimleri ve katılımları yadsınamaz.

How To Understand Somatization? -a Psychodynamic Approach
Somatoform disorders and somatization are not identical with each other. Somatization is a non-specific symptom or a general predisposition. It is not a psychiatric disorder per se, but a tendency to experience, conceptualize and communicate emotional distress as bodily complaints or somatic symptoms. The body has a primary role in the interaction and communication of the individual with his environment and is the first path through which the ontogenetic development proceeds. Verbal expression is a much later developed communicative capacity. The body retains its expressive capacity which is put into action when verbal interaction is inhibited or insufficient. In somatization, there is a disturbance in the perception of somatic functions, whereas in somatoform disorders, the experience of the body and its wholeness is disturbed. In both instances, however, the reciprocal involvements of biological, neurophysiological, psychoendocrinological and psychosocial factors cannot be denied.

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