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Yıl:2013; Cilt: 16; Sayı: 3>> Özet
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2013;16(3):185-190
Antidepresan Tedaviye Risperidon Eklenmesi ile İlişkili Anjiyoödem: Olgu Sunumu
N Kara
Fatih Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Anjiyoödem, derin cilt ve cilt altı dokuların ödemidir. İlaçlara bağlı anjiyoödemin mekanizması tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Pro-enflamatuar modülatörlerin, özellikle immünglobülin E (IgE) ile ilişkili tip 1 hipersensitivite reaksiyonunun anjiyoödeme yol açtığı düşünülmektedir. İlaca bağlı anjiyoödem, ürtiker eşlik eden ya da etmeyen, alerjik/ non-allerjik şeklinde sınıflandırılabilmektedir. Alerjik anjiyoödem immünglobülin-E ile ilişkilidir. Non-alerjik anjiyoödem, herediter, kazanılmış, renin-anjiyotensin-aldosteron sistemi (RAAS) blokörleriyle ilişkili, psödoallerjik veya idyopatik olabilir. Literatürde, venlafaksin, mirtazapin ve risperidonun tek başına ya da birlikte kullanımı ile ilişkili anjiyoödem olguları bildirilmiştir. Olgumuz, 41 yaşında, evli, kadın hasta psikiyatri polikliniğine depresyon yakınmaları ile başvurdu. Hasta 2 aydır fluoksetin 20 mg /gün ve mirtazapin 30 mg /gün kullanmaktaydı. Almakta olduğu fluoksetinin etkisiz olduğu düşünülerek fluoksetin kesildi, mirtazapine ek olarak venlafaksin 75 mg /gün ve ajitasyonuna yönelik olarak risperidon 0.5 mg /gün başlandı. Hastada anjiyoödem gelişmesi üzerine risperidon kesildi. Risperidonun kesilmesinin ardından hastanın anjiyoödem yakınmalarında gerileme oldu. Anjiyoödemin antidepresan tedaviye risperidon eklenmesi ile ilişkili olduğu düşünüldü. Hipotansiyon gibi sistemik bir bulgunun olmaması, normal serum IgE düzeyi ve anjiyoödeme ürtikerin eşlik etmemesi, non-allerjik anjiyoödemi düşündürdü. Anjiyoödem psikotrop ilaçların yan etkisi olarak hekimlerin karşısına çıkabilmekte ve bazen yaşamı tehdit eden sonuçlara yol açabilmektedir. Bundan dolayı alerjik reaksiyon öyküsü olan hastalarda özellikle birden fazla ilaç kullanılacaksa çok dikkatli olunması gerekmektedir.
Angioedema Associated with Addition of Risperidone to Antidepressant Treatment: A Case Report
Angioedema is an edema of the skin and subcutaneous tissues. The exact mechanism of medication induced angioedema is not known well. Pro-inflammatory modulators, especially IgE-related type-1 hypersensitivity reactions are thought to cause angioedema. Medicationinduced angioedema can be classified as angioedema with / without urticaria or allergic / non-allergic angioedema. Allergic angioedema is related with immunglobulin E. Non-allergic angioedema can be seen as hereditary, acquired, renin-angiotensin-aldosteron system (RAAS) blockers related, pseudoallergic or idopathic. Cases of angioedema induced by venlafaxine, mirtazapine and risperidon were reported in the literature. In our case, a 41 years old, married female patient with depressive symptoms was brought to psychiatry outpatient unit. The patient had been on 20 mg/day fluoxetine and 30 mg/day mirtazapine for 2 months. Fluoxetine had been stopped for it was thought to be ineffective. Venlafaxine 75 mg/day was added to mirtazapine as combination treatment and risperidone was given 0.5 mg /day for agitation. We stopped risperidone immediately after the occurrence of angioedeme and angioedema disappeared consequently. Angioedema was thougth to be related with addition of risperidone to antidepressant treatment. Angioedema was not shown to be associated with any systemic signs such as hypotension, serum IgE level was normal and no urticaria was detected at the time of angioedema. As a result it was considered to be a non-allergic angioedema. Clinicians may encounter with angioedema due to psychotropic drugs and it may have fatal results. Due to these findings clinicians should prescribe multiple medications with caution, especially in cases with history of allergy.

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