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Yıl:2012; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 3>> Özet
Psikiyatride Güncel; 2012;2(3):244-257
Sağlık çalıșanlarına yönelik șiddet:güncel durum ve klinik uygulamada ruh hekimine yönelik rehber
EA Yıldırım, M Hacıoğlu
Bakırköy Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araștırma Hastanesi, İstanbul.
Ülkemizde sağlık çalışanlarının doğrudan meslek uygulamaları ya da bir meslek üyesi olmaları nedeniyle uğradıkları şiddet her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu durum son zamanlarda ciddi önlemler gerektiren ve yaşam hakkını tehdit eden boyutlara varmıştır. Şiddetin artma nedeni sağlık hizmeti sunumunun genel riski kadar sağlık sisteminde son zamanlarda uygulanan makro politikaların bir yansımasıdır. Acil kliniği çalışanları, evde takip hizmetleri çalışanları ve ruh sağlığı profesyonelleri şiddete uğrama açısından daha riskli gruplardır. Ruh sağlığı profesyonelleri açısından şiddet hasta ve yakını tarafından uygulanan daha çok suç niteliğinde şiddet, hastanın hastalığının belirtisi saldırganlık/eksitasyon/dürtüsellik nedeniyle uyguladığı şiddet ve hastanın şiddete eğilim gösterdiği durumda müdahale zorunluluğu sırasında maruz kalınan şiddet olarak sınıflandırılabilir. Şiddeti önleme, saldırıdan korunma eğitimleri acil , ev takibi, psikiyatri gibi riskli ortamlarda çalışan tüm sağlık çalışanlarına önerilmektedir. Bu eğitimler iletişim becerileri başta olmak üzere saldırgandan kurtulma-uzaklaşmadan savunma tekniklerine kadar geniş bir yelpazededir. Ruh sağlığı çalışanları ayrıca ruhsal hastalığı nedeniyle kendine ve çevresine zarar veren hastaya müdahale eğitimi de almalılardır. Saldırıya maruz kalındığında durum değerlendirmesi yapmak, etkili iletişim, kontrolü kaybetmemek ve daha önce saldırı senaryoları ile çalışmış olmak basit ancak etkili önlemlerdir. Saldırıdan korunma genel önleme önlemleri dışında değerlendirme, iletişim, müdahale-kurtulma ve uzaklaşma aşamalarını içerir. Eksitasyona müdahale ise durum değerlendirme, iletişim, fiziki müdahale, tıbbi müdahale, izlem/önleme aşamalarını içermektedir. Profesyonel eğitimi olmayanlar olası senaryolar üzerinden genel ilkeleri bilmeli, korunma önlemlerini almalıdırlar. Sonuç olarak şiddete maruz kalma olasılığını en aza indirecek önlemler ve eğitimleri almak sağlık çalışanlarına önerilmekle birlikte, şiddeti azaltıcı politikalar geliştirmek, koruma ve önleme tedbirleri almak ve bu eğitimleri sağlamak hükümetlerin ve sağlık kurumlarının sorumluluğundadır.
Violence directed towards health workers: the current situation and a guide for the psychiatrist in clinical application
Violence against health workers in Turkey, directly originating from professional practice or occupational membership, is constantly increasing. The situation has recently risen to an extent that threatens the right to life and requires urgent measures to be taken. This increase in violence is a result of the recent macro policies put into practice in the healthcare system as much as of the general risk associated with healthcare provision. Mental health professionals, along with emergency department and home health care workers, constitute a high risk group for subjection to violence. Violence can be classified with regard to mental health professionals as largely criminal violence committed by the patient or patient’s relatives, violence committed by the patient owing to his/her symptoms such as aggression, excitation or impulsivity and violence inflicted during the compulsory intervention for a patient with a tendency of aggression. Education in prevention of violence and defense against assault is recommended for all health workers working in high risk environments such as the emergency department, home health care and psychiatry. This education, relying especially on communication skills, encompasses a vast range of skills from evading/moving away from the aggressor to defense techniques. Mental health professionals must also be educated in intervention regarding patients harming themselves and others because of their mental disorders. Evaluating the situation, communicating effectively, withholding control and having worked with assault scenarios are simple but effective measures in situations of offense. Protection against assault includes the stages of assessment, communication, intervention-evasion and moving away, other than general preventive precautions. Interviention for excitation includes the stages of assessment, communication, physical intervention, medical intervention and monitoring/prevention. Those without professional education should learn the general principles through probable scenarios and take necessary precautions. In conclusion, although education and precautions to minimize the risk of violence are recommended for health workers, the governments and medical institutions are responsible for developing policies for decreasing violence, taking preventive and protective measures and providing education in prevention of and defense against violence.

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