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Yıl:2014; Cilt: 4; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Psikiyatride Güncel; 2014;4(1):62-70
Çocuk ve ergenlerde alkol ve madde kullanım bozuklukları
M Tamar
Madde kullanımı değişim ve gelişim sürecindeki genç için uyumsuz bir baş etme yöntemidir. Tekrarlayan kullanım gencin temel görevlerinde aksaklıklara, önemli yaşam alanlarında işlev bozukluklarına, risk alıcı davranış ve tehlike ile yüksek oranlarda karşılaşmaya neden olur. İlk madde deneyimi genellikle sosyal ortamda, sigara ve alkol gibi geçiş maddeleri ile olur. İlk kullanım gencin merakından veya maddenin ulaşılabilir oluşundan kaynaklanabilir. Bireysel, aileye ilişkin, toplumsal ve yaşıt ortamına ilişkin özellikler madde kullanım bozuklukları için risk oluşturabilir. Duygudurum, bilişsel ve davranışsal düzenleme bozukluğuna yatkınlık, aile ve yaşıt etmenleri ve pubertenin getirdiği gelişimsel zorluklarla şiddetlenerek madde kullanım bozukluklarının ortaya çıkmasına neden olur. Tedavide madde kullanım bozukluklarının kronik ve tekrarlayıcı bir durum olduğunu bilmek gerekir. Madde kullanımının bırakılması veya azaltılması, biyopsikososyal bileşenlerin ele alınması, relapsların engellenmesi amaçlanır. Bağımlılıkla mücadelenin temel şartı korunmadır. Okul ve toplum temelli koruma yöntemleri madde kullanımının azaltılmasında etkili olabilir.
Alcohol and subtance use disorders in children and adolescents
Substance use is an incompatible coping style in the stage of change and development of adolescence. Repetitive use of substances cause impairment in the main tasks, dysfunction in the main life areas, risk taking behaviors and increasing rate of encounter with danger. First experience of substance use is often in the social environment by gateway substances as cigarettes or alcohol. It may occur because of the adolescent’s curiosity or the availability of substances. Individual, family, community and peer factors may take role in the development of substance use disorders. Substance use disorders appear in the context that the predisposition for the affective, cognitive and behavioral dysregulation which increased by peer factors and developmental difficulties. Chronic and repetitive nature of substance use disorders should take into consideration in treatment. Maintaining abstinence for substance uses or markedly reduces drug use, dealing with biopsychosocial components, and to prevent relapses are the primary goals in treatment. The main term in the struggle is prevention. Preventive interventions are based on school and community activities to reduce substance use.

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