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Yıl:2005; Cilt: 16; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2005;16(2):90-96
Depresyonda Bedensel Belirtiler
H Güleç, K Sayar, E Özkorumak
Amaç: Bedenselleştirme, depresyonun klinik görünümünde önemli bir unsurdur. Bu çalışma bedensel duyumları büyütme, aleksitimi ve öfke gibi psikolojik yapıların ve belirti atıf tarzının depresyonun bedensel belirtileriyle ilişkisini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Yöntem: Çalışma, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Mediko-Sosyal Psikiyatri Polikliniğine ve Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Psikiyatri Polikliniğine başvuran ve DSM-IV tanı ölçütlerine göre majör depresif bozukluk tanısı konmuş 32 hasta ve 34 sağlıklı kontrolle yürütülmüştür. Bireyler Beck Depresyon Ölçeği, Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği, Hamilton Depresyon Ölçeği, Hamilton Anksiyete Ölçeği, Bedensel Duyumları Abartma Ölçeği, 20 Maddelik Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği, Spielberger Sürekli Öfke ve Öfke İfade Tarzı Ölçeği, Semptom Yorumlama Anketi ve sosyodemografik özellikleri sorgulayan bir görüşme formu kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Gruplar sosyodemografik özellikleri açısından birbirine benzerdi. Depresif grupta anksiyete, aleksitimi ve içe döndürülmüş öfke puanları yüksek, öfke kontrol puanları düşük bulundu. Ruhsal atıf tarzı, hem depresyon hem de anksiyeteyle pozitif ilişkili, normalleştirme tarzı, anksiyete seviyesi ile negatif olarak ilişkili bulundu. Bedensel atıf tarzı, Toronto aleksitimi ölçeğinin duygularını tanımada zorluk alt boyutuyla ilişkili bulundu.

Sonuç: Bu bulgular depresyon hastalarının daha aleksitimik, öfkelerini içe döndüren ve öfkelerini daha az kontrol edebilen kişiler olduğunu göstermektedir. Depresyon ve anksiyete, ruhsal atıf tarzının; duygularını tanıma zorluğu ise bedensel atıf tarzının daha fazla kullanılmasına neden olmaktadır.

Somatic Symptoms of Depression
Objective: The somatic component of depression is an important clinical phenomenon. The role of somatic amplification, alexithymia, anger and symptom attribution has been investigated in the genesis of the somatic symptoms of depression.

Method: The study was carried out with 32 patients attending the outpatient psychiatry clinics of Karadeniz Technical University Medical School, meeting the diagnosis of depression according to DSM-IV, and 34 healthy subjects. The subjects were assessed with the Beck Depression Scale, the Beck Anxiety Scale, the Hamilton Depression Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, the Somatosensory Amplification Scale, the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale the Spielberger State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, the Symptom Interpretation Questionnaire and a data form for recording sociodemographic characteristics.

Results: The sociodemographic characteristics of the sample were similar. The anxiety, alexithymia, and anger-in scores were significantly higher, while anger-control scores were significantly lower in the depressive subjects. Psychologizing attributes were positively correlated with depression and anxiety. Normalizing was negatively correlated with anxiety. Somatizating was correlated with the difficulty in identifying feelings subscale of alexithymia.

Discussion: These findings show that depressive patients are more alexithymic, have more difficulty in controlling their anger and introject their anger more compared to the healthy controls. Depressed and anxious subjects psychologize, and subjects with difficulty in identifying emotions somatize their symptoms.

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