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Yıl:2013; Cilt: 24; Sayı: 4>> Özet
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2013;24(4):266-274
Obsesif Kompulsif Bozuklukta Bilişsel İşlevler
PÇ Aydın, DG Öyekçin
Bakırköy Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Bu yazıda obsesif kompulsif bozukluk (OKB) ve bilişsel işlevlerle ilgili yazın gözden geçirilmiştir. Bilişsel işlevlerin nöropsikolojik testlerle değerlendirildiği çalışmalara öncelik verilmiştir. Klinik özellikler, tedavi, ek tanı, beyin görüntüleme ve aile çalışmalarından kısaca söz edilmiştir. Yöntem: OKB’de bilişsel işlev bozukluklarını inceleyen çalışmalar gözden geçirilmiştir. Daha sonra bu bulguların yukarıda sözü edilen etmenlerle olan ilişkisini inceleyen çalışmalar ele alınmıştır. Bulgular: OKB’de birincil bilişsel bozukluk, yürütücü işlev bozukluğu gibi görünmektedir. Bellekle ilgili bozukluklar, yürütücü işlev bozukluklarına ikincildir. OKB tanısı olan hastaların sağlıklı akrabalarında da bilişsel bozukluklar saptanmıştır. Ek tanının bilişsel işlevler üzerine olan etkileri ile ilgili bulgular çelişkilidir. Beyin görüntüleme çalışmalarının bir kısmı, OKB’de frontostriatotalamik yolaklardaki işlev bozukluğunu destekler niteliktedir. Sonuç: OKB’de yürütücü işlev bozukluğunun varlığı pek çok çalışmada gösterilmiştir. Bilişsel bozuklukların nörobiyolojisi ve klinik özelliklerle ilişkisi hakkında bilinenler henüz kısıtlıdır. Bu alanda yapılan beyin görüntüleme çalışmaları sınırlıdır. Nöropsikoloji ve beyin görüntüleme tekniklerinin birlikte kullanılacağı uzunlamasına yapılacak akraba çalışmalarına gereksinim duyulmaktadır.
Cognitive Functions in Patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Aim: This literature review aimed to examine the relationship between cognitive impairment and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Studies based on neuropsychological testing were prioritized, but those dealing with clinical features, therapy, comorbidity, neuroimaging, and the families of OCD patients were also considered. Materials and Methods: The literature on cognitive impairment in OCD was reviewed and then the studies evaluating the relationship with these above mentioned findings were discussed. Results: The clinically most important cognitive impairment in OCD is executive dysfunction, followed by impaired memory. Cognitive impairment has also been observed in the healthy relatives of OCD patients. Findings regarding the effects of comorbidity on cognitive function in OCD patients are inconsistent. Brain imaging studies suggest that frontostriatothalamic dysfunction might occur in OCD. Conclusion: Executive dysfunction in OCD patients is well documented; however, the precise nature of the relationship between the severity of cognitive dysfunction and the clinical features of OCD are not well understood. Longitudinal family studies that employ both neuropsychological testing and brain imaging are needed to more clearly elucidate the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and OCD.

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