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Yıl:2013; Cilt: 24; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2013;24(3):149-157
Sivas İl Merkezinde Yeme Bozukluklarının Yaygınlığı ve Eşlik Eden Psikiyatrik Tanılar
M Semiz, Ö Kavakcı, Al Yağız, G Yontar, N Kugu
Cumhuriyet Üniv. , Sivas.
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Sivas il merkezindeki yeme bozukluklarının (YB) yaygınlığını bozukluğu olanların sosyodemografik özelliklerini ve eşlik eden eksen-I ve eksen-II tanı sıklığını saptamak amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmada 18–44 yaş aralığındaki 1122 kişiye Yeme Tutum Testi (YTT) uygulanarak kesme puanının üzerinde puan alanlar ile klinik görüşme yapılmıştır. Kontrol grubu, yaş ve cinsiyet olarak eşleştirilmiş, YB tanısı olmayan, YTT puanı 30’un altında olan bireylerden oluşturulmuştur. Yeme bozukluğu tanısı konulan bireylere ve kontrol grubuna eşlik eden I. eksen ve II. eksen tanılarını saptamak amacıyla SCID-I (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I Disorders) ve SCID-II (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personamy Disorders) uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: YTT ile yapılan tarama sonucunda bu örneklemin % 5,25’inde yeme bozukluğu olabileceği saptanmıştır. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında, yapılandırılmış klinik görüşmeler sonrası, YB yaygınlığının %1,52 olduğu bulunmuştur. Bulimiya nervoza yaygınlığı %0,63, tıkanırcasına yeme bozukluğu yaygınlığı %0,81 olarak bulunmuştur. YB tanısı kadınlarda (%88,2) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha sıktır. Çalışmada YB tanısı konulanların konulmayanlara göre daha fazla oranda orta düzeyde gelire sahip oldukları, ailelerinde psikiyatrik tanıların daha fazla olduğu ve daha fazla ruhsal travmaya maruz kaldıkları saptanmıştır. Hasta grubunda I. ve II. eksen eş tanı oranı kontrol grubundan anlamlı düzeyde daha fazla saptanmıştır. Hastaların % 47’sinde (8/17) eşlik eden I. eksen tanısı saptanmıştır. En sık konulan eş tanı major depresif bozukluk olmuştur. Hastaların %41’inde II. eksen tanısı saptanmıştır. En sık olarak her biri %11,8 oranında obsesif kompulsif kişilik bozukluğu ve kaçıngan kişilik bozukluğu tanıları bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, YB nokta yaygınlığı %1,52 olarak saptanmıştır. Tıkınırcasına yeme bozukluğunun en sık görülen YB olduğu saptanmıştır. YB’de psikiyatrik eş tanılar yaygındır. YB farklı yaş gruplarında ve sosyoekonomik düzeylerde görülebilen bir hastalıktır. Ülkenin farklı bölgeleri ve değişik yaş gruplarını içeren, toplum genelinin tarandığı, geniş örneklemli ve tanıların klinik görüşmeler ile doğrulandığı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
The Prevalence of Eating Disorders and Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders in the Sivas Province
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of eating disorders (EDs) in the Sivas province, and to identify the sociodemographic characteristics and co-morbid axis-I and axis-II diagnoses in EDs. Method: 1122 people between 18-44 years of age were enrolled in the study after completing the eating attitude test (EAT), and people who had points around the cut-off score had clinical interviews. The control group included subjects that were age- and sex-matched with the ED group, were not diagnosed with an ED, and had an EAT score <30. In order to determine the following as axis I or axis II, SCID-I (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I Disorders) and SCID-II (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders) were performed on both the eating disorder and control groups. Results: As a result of the scanning done with EAT, we observed that 5.25% of this population might have an eating behavior disorder. The prevalence of the eating disorders was found to be 1.52% by the structured clinical interview in the second step of the study. While the prevalence of bulimia nervosa was determined to be 0.63%, that of binge eating disorder was 0.81%. The diagnosis of ED is common and statistically significant among women (88.2%). According to the study, persons diagnosed with ED were more likely to have a moderate income as compared with those who were not diagnosed with an ED. Also, people with ED had been exposed to more traumas, and it was more likely that someone in their family had a psychiatric diagnosis. Among the patient group, the axis I and axis II co-morbidity rates were significantly higher than those of the control group. 47% (8/17) of the patients were determined to have a co-morbid axis I diagnosis. The most frequently diagnosed co-morbidity was major depressive disorder. 41% of the patients were determined to have an axis II diagnosis. The most common rate of diagnosis was 11.8% for both obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and avoidant personality disorder. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the point prevalence rate for EDs among all the participants was 1.52%, with binge eating disorder being the most prevalent ED. Psychiatric co-morbidity is common in patients with eating disorders. An ED is a disease that can be seen in different age groups and socioeconomic levels. Studies with larger samples, including different regions of the country and different age groups, and with diagnoses that have been confirmed by clinical interviews, are required.

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