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Yıl:2013; Cilt: 24; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2013;24(1):68-72
Afazi, Prosopagnozi ve Mani: Semantik Demans Sağ Temporal Varyant Tanılı Bir Olgu
Ç Turan, S Kesebir, H Meteris, M Ülker
Erenköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul.
Nörolojik bozukluklar ikincil mani ortaya çıkarabilir ve klinisyenler ikincil maniyi iki uçlu bozukluktan (İUB) ayırt etmek zorundadır. Yeni ve geç başlangıçlı mani olguları, kapsamlı bir öykü, nörolojik muayene, beyin görüntüleme ve seçilmiş diğer testleri içeren bir değerlendirmeyi gerektirmektedir. Maninin nörolojik nedenleri sağ bazotemporal ve alt frontal bölgenin inmelerini ya da hipotalamik bölge etrafındaki tümörlerini, Huntington hastalığı ve diğer hareket bozukluklarını, multipl skleroz ve diğer beyaz cevher hastalıklarını, kafa travmasını, nörosifiliz ve Creutzfeldt-Jakob hastalığı gibi enfeksiyonları ve frontotemporal lobar dejenerasyonu kapsar. Frontotemporal lobar dejenerasyon (FTLD) terimi, primer progresif afazi (PPA), frontal lob demansı, PPA-amiyotrofik lateral skleroz (ALS) ve kortiko bazal dejenerasyon gibi fokal dejenerasyonlarla karekterize nörodejeneratif hastalıkların tümü için önerilmiştir. Bu olguların % 40’ında aile öyküsü mevcuttur. PPA’da ön temporal bölge tutulumu baskındır. Sağ taraf tutulumu ise yüz tanıma bozuklukları, duyguların algılanması ve dışavurumunda sorunlar ile karakterlidir. Bu yazıda, mani belirtileri ile başvuran bir FTD olgusunun bildirimi ve ayırıcı tanısının tartışılması amaçlanmıştır. 46 yaşında, kadın, ilkokul mezunu, evli hasta, son bir haftadır aşırı hareketlilik, çok konuşma, uyku miktarında azalma yakınmaları ile başvurmuştur. İlk şikayetlerinin üç yıl önce isimleri hatırlayamama, insanların yüzlerini tanıyamama, sürekli aynı söz ve davranışları tekrarlama, ev aletlerini kullanamama, işleri organize edemeyip kurallara uyum sağlayamama ile başladığı öğrenilmiştir. Hastamızda var olan afazi, prosopagnozi ve ALS pozitif aile öyküsü ilgili dizin eşliğinde tartışılmıştır.
Aphasia, Prosopagnosia and Mania: A Case Diagnosed with Right Temporal Variant Semantic Dementia
Neurologic disorders can produce “secondary” mania, and clinicians must distinguish secondary mania from bipolar disorders (BD). Patients with new and late onset mania require an evaluation that includes a thorough history, a neurologic examination, neuroimaging, and other selected tests. Neurologic causes of mania include strokes in the right basotemporal or inferofrontal region, strokes or tumors in the perihypothalamic region, Huntington’s disease and other movement disorders, multiple sclerosis and other white matter diseases, head trauma, infections such as neurosyphilis and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. The term Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) is suggested for neurodegenerative diseases characterized by focal degeneration such as Primer Progressive Aphasia (PPA), Frontal Lobe Dementia, PPA- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and Corticobasal Degeneration. In this article, we report a frontotemporal dementia (FTD) case that referred with manic symptoms. The female patient was 46 years old, married, graduated from primary school, and had been admitted with complaints of hyperactivity, excessive talking, and decreased sleep for one week. She presented first with complaints that began three years ago that included the inability to remember names, recognize faces, use household appliances, and follow rules. She had also been repeating the same words and behaviors. Prosopagnosia, aphasia, and a positive family history of ALS were discussed with related index in our case.

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