Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2012; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Journal of Mood Disorders; 2012;2(4):160-166
Sigara bağımlılığında mizaç ve karakter özelliklerinin bağımlılık düzeyleri ile ilişkisi
SB Zincir, N Zincir, EA Sünbül, E Kaymak
Erenköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul-Türkiye
Giriş: Sigara içme alışkanlığı günümüzde en önemli sağlık sorunlarından biridir. Nikotin bağımlılığı ve sigara bırakmanın zorluğunun, nikotinin psikofarmakolojik etkilerinin yanı sıra genetik ve çevresel faktörlerden kaynaklandığı varsayılmaktadır. Sigara içmeyi sürdürmede aracılık eden olası diğer bir unsur da kişilik özellikleridir.

Amaç: Bu çalışma bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesi bünyesinde hizmet veren sigara bırakma polikliniğine başvuran yetişkin sigara (nikotin) bağımlılarında mizaç ve karakter özelliklerinin nikotin bağımlılık düzeyleri ile ilişkisi ve sigara bırakma davranışı üzerine etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Yöntem: Sigara bırakma polikliniğine başvuran ve SCID-I'i n ilgili bölümü uygulanarak DSM-IV'e göre nikotin bağımlılığı tanısı doğrulanan ve 18-60 yaşları arasında olan 262 ardışık hasta gönüllülük esasına göre araştırmaya alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada Fagerström bağımlılık testi, mizaç ve karakter envanteri (TCI), Eysenck kişilik anketi ve Barrat dürtüsellik ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, katılımcıların sosyodemografik bilgilerini edinmek ve klinik izlemlerini gerçekleştirmek için tarafımızca hazırlanmış olan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu doldurulmuştur. Bu çalışmada hastalar 12-16 haftalık izlem sürecinde ilaçsız tedavi ile sigara bırakma programına devam etmiştir.

Bulgular: Sigarayı bırakan hastaların yaşı sigarayı bırakamayanlara göre anlamlı (p<0.05) olarak daha yüksekti. Sigarayı bırakan ve bırakamayan hastaların günlük sigara miktarı ve yıllık sigara miktarı (paket/yıl) anlamlı (p>0.05) farklılık göstermemiştir. Sigarayı bırakan hastaların Fagerström nikotin bağımlılık düzeyleri sigarayı bırakamayanlara göre anlamlı (p<0.05) olarak daha düşük bulunmuştur. Fagerström nikotin bağımlılık puanları ile Eysenck kişilik anketi alt ölçeklerinden EY-N arasında anlamlı (p<0.05) ilişki saptanmıştır.

Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, sigara bağımlılığı olan bireylerin, sigara içme paternleri ve bağımlılık düzeyleri bağlamında psikolojik değerlendirmelerini daha özgün yapabilecek ölçme-değerlendirme araçlarının tasarlanması gelecekte etiyolojiye yönelik tedavi yaklaşımları geliştirilmesinde faydalı olabilir.
Relationship between nicotine dependence and temperament and character traits in adults with cigarette smoking
Objective: Cigarette smoking is one of the most important health problems today. Nicotine dependence and difficulty to cessate smoking are assumed to be originating both from psychopharmacological effects of nicotine and genetic and environmental factors. The other possible factor which mediates to keep on smoking behavior may be personality traits.

Aims: To find out the associations between temperament and character traits and nicotine dependence levels among the adult outpatients presented to a smoking cessation clinic at a training and education hospital and also to examine their effects on smoking cessation behavior.

Methods: In this study, 262 consecutive nicotine dependent patients between 18-60 [year]s of age were recruited using the relevant section of SCID for DSM-IV on a voluntary basis. The subjects were then asked to complete self-report questionnaires and participated in the nonpharmacological smoking cessation program at least during 12-16 weeks follow-up period.

Results: Mean age of patients who quit smoking (non-smokers) at the end was significantly higher than that of smokers (p<0.05). There were no difference between cigarettes consumed ( [year]ly or daily) and the smoking status. Fagerstrom nicotine dependence test values of patients who quit smoking was significantly lower than that of smoking group (p<0.05). There was statistically significant correlation between nicotine dependence scores and neuroticism subscale scores of Eysenck personality questionnaire (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Designing more specific psychological measurements and evaluation tools in order to assess individuals with nicotine dependency in the context of smoking patterns and levels of dependency may be useful for the development of future treatment approaches concerning etiology.


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