Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2012; Cilt: 23; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2012;23(4):264-273
Bağımlılık Profil İndeksi?nin (BAPİ) Geliştirilmesi, Geçerlik ve Güvenilirliği
K Ögel, C Evren, F Karadağ, DT Gürol
Acıbadem Üniv. Tıp Fak.,İstanbul
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı alkol ve madde kullanıcılarının madde kullanımına bağlı oluşan sorunlarının özelliklerini çok boyutlu olarak değerlendirecek, tedavinin planlanmasında yardımcı olabilecek ve kolay uygulanabilecek bir ölçek geliştirmektir.

Yöntem: Bağımlılık Profil İndeksi (BAPİ) 37 sorudan ve 5 alt ölçekten oluşan bir öz bildirim ölçeğidir. Alt ölçekler, madde kullanım özelliklerini, bağımlılık tanı ölçütlerini, madde kullanımının kişinin yaşamına etkisini, madde kullanımı için şiddetli isteği (craving) ve madde kullanımını bırakma motivasyonunu ölçmektedir. Araştırmaya iki bağımlılık kliniği ve bir cezaevinden toplam 345 alkol ve/veya madde kullanıcısı alınmıştır. Ölçek bağlantılı geçerliği değerlendirmek üzere Michigan Alkolizm Tarama Testi (MATT), Değişime Hazır Olma ve Tedavi İsteği Ölçeği (SOCRATES), Penn Alkol Aşerme Ölçeği (PAAÖ), Madde Aşerme Ölçeği (MAÖ), Bağımlılık Şiddetini Belirleme Ölçeği (Addiction Severity Index-ASI) ve DSM-IV-TR Eksen I Bozuklukları için Yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme Anketi (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders /SCID-I) kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Güvenilirlik analizinde, tüm ölçeğin Cronbach alfa katsayısı 0,89 ve alt ölçeklerin Cronbach alfa katsayıları 0,63-0,86 arasında bulunmuştur. Madde-toplam puan korelasyon katsayıları 0,42-0,89 arasındadır. Tüm ölçek için iki yarı test korelasyonlarından Spearman Brown katsayısı 0,83 saptanmıştır. Açıklayıcı faktör analizinde toplam varyansın %52,39?unu temsil eden 4 faktör elde edilmiştir. BAPİ şiddetli istek alt ölçeği PAAÖ/PMAÖ, motivasyon alt ölçeği ise SOCRATES ile bağıntılı bulunmuştur. BAPİ toplam puanı ile MATT ortalama puanı ve ASI Ölçeği'nin tıbbi durum, madde kullanımı, yasal durum ve aile-sosyal ilişkiler alt başlıklarının bileşik puanları bağıntılı bulunmuştur. ROC eğrisi altında kalan alan 0,90, 4 puan için kesme noktasında duyarlılık 0,88 ve özgüllük ise 0,78 olarak saptanmıştır.

Sonuç: BAPİ geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olarak değerlendirilmiş ve ölçeğin bağımlılığın çeşitli boyutlarını kapsayan bir şiddet ölçeği olarak kullanılabileceği kanaatine varılmıştır.
The Development, Validity, and Reliability of the Addiction Profile Index (API)
Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a practical questionnaire for multidimensional assessment of problems associated with alcohol and substance abuse that would also be useful for treatment planning.

Materials and Methods: The Addiction Profile Index (API) is a self-report questionnaire consisting of 37 items and the following 5 subscales: characteristics of substance use; dependency diagnosis; the effects of substance use on the user; craving; motivation to quit using substances. The study included 345 alcohol and/or substance abusers from 2 addiction treatment clinics and a prison addiction service. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed using the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST), Readiness to Change Questionnaire (SOCRATES), Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS), Drug Craving Scale (DCS), Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), and Addiction Severity Index (ASI).

Results: The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total API was 0.89 and for the subscales it ranged from 0.63 to 0.86. Item-total correlation coefficients ranged from 0.42 to 0.89. The Spearman Brown split-half method coefficient for the total API was 0.83. In all, 4 factors were obtained using explanatory factor analysis that represented 52.3% of the total variance. The API craving subscale was observed to be consistent with PACS and the API motivation subscale was consistent with SOCRATES. The API total score was strongly correlated with the mean MAST score, and the composite ASI medical status, substance use, legal status, and family social relations subscale scores. Based on ROC analyses, the area under curve was 0.90. With a total API cut-off score of 4, the scale's sensitivity and specificity 0.85 was 0.78, respectively.

Conclusion: The findings show that the API is a valid and reliable questionnaire that can be used to measure the severity of different dimensions of substance dependency.

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