Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2012; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 4>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi; 2012;5(4):19-25
Panik Bozukluğunda Klinik Özellikler ve Gidiş
PÇ Aydın
Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Hasalıkları Hastanesi, İstanbul
Panik bozukluğu (PB), kendiliğinden ortaya çıkan, tekrarlayıcı, beklenmedik panik ataklarının (PA) olması ile kendisini gösteren, ataklar arasında yeni atakların olacağına ilişkin kaygının eşlik ettiği (beklenti anksiyetesi) bir anksiyete bozukluğudur. PB’de kendiliğinden beklenmedik gelen PA’ları, beklenti anksiyetesi ve agorafobik kaçınma davranışı izler. PA, başta PB olmak üzere, anksiyete bozuklukları başlığı altındaki diğer psikiyatrik bozukluklarda da görülebilen, yoğun bir anksiyete nöbetidir. PA’ların farklı belirti kümelenmeleri gösteren ve alt tipler olarak sınıflandırılabileceğini ileri süren çalışmalar vardır. PB heterojen bir seyir gösterir. Belli oranda hastada iyileşme görülürken geri kalanının ise kalıntı belirtileri olur ya da düzelme ve yinelemelerle giden dalgalı bir seyir gösterir. Bu yazıda PB’nin klinik özellikleri, solunumsal, nokturnal, korkusuz, bilişsel, vestibüler olmak üzere alt tipler ile PB’nin gidişi ve gidişi etkileyen faktörler gözden geçirilmiştir.
Clinical Characteristics and Course of Panic Disorder
Panic disorder (PD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by spontaneous, unexpected and repeated panic attacks (PA) accompanied by intense fear that new attacks will occur between attacks (anticipatory anxiety). In PD, spontaneous, unexpected panic attacks are followed by anticipatory anxiety and agoraphobic avoidance behaviors. Panic attacks are episodes of intense anxiety that can also develop in other psychiatric disorders discussed in the chapter ‘anxiety disorders’, chiefly in PD. Some studies claim panic attacks show different grouping of indications and can be classified in subtypes. PD is a heterogeneous syndrome. While certain patients experience an improvement, others develop sequelae or experience a fluctuating course with improvements and repetitions. This study reviews the clinical characteristics of PD and subtypes, namely respiratory, nocturnal, cognitive, vestibular, and the course of PD and factors affecting the course.

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