Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2012; Cilt: 15; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2012;15(3):181-186
Paradoksal Disfaji Ardındaki Geriyatrik Depresyon: Bir Olgu
DG Öyekçin, PÇ Aydın, Y Değirmenci, D Kutluay
Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Tıp Fakultesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı
Yaşlılığa özgü fiziksel ve ruhsal bozuklular yaygındır. Yaşlılarda depresif belirtiler yüksek oranda saptanırken, majör depresif bozukluğun yaygınlığı % 1-5 oranında değişmektedir. Geriyatrik hasta grubunda bedensel belirtiler sıktır ve altta yatan psikiyatrik bozukluğun öncü belirtisi olabilirler. Bu türden yakınmalar, ruhsal hastalıkların tanınmasını geciktirebilir veya majör depresif bozuklukta görülen belirtilerle karışabilir. Bu olgu sunumunda paradoksal disfaji şikayeti ile hastaneye başvuran 76 yaşındaki erkek hastanın, hastalık sürecinin, ayırıcı tanısının ve tedavi sürecinin tartışılması amaçlanmıştır. Katı gıdaları yutabilen ancak sıvı gıdaları yutamayan hastanın fizik muayenesi, nörolojik muayenesi ve kulak burun boğaz muayenesi yapılmış, psikiyatrik değerlendirme sonucunda psikotik özellikli majör depresif bozuluk tanısı saptanmıştır. İntihar düşüncelerinin ve beslenme bozukluğunun olması nedeniyle yatarak tedavi edilmesine karar verilen hastaya antidepresan ve antipsikotik tedavi verilmiş ve hasta remisyona girdikten sonra taburcu edilmiştir. Disfaji yakınmasının başlamasından çok daha önce depresif belirtilerin ortaya çıktığı öğrenilen hasta, hastaneye disfaji geliştikten sonra başvurmuştur. Bu olguda, atipik bir bedensel belirti olan disfajinin mortalite ve morbidite riski yüksek geriyatrik depresyona bağlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yaşlılarda atipik bedensel belirtilerin dikkate alınması ve araştırılması önemlidir çünkü bu yaş grubunda atipik bedensel belirtiler geriyatrik depresyonun öncü belirtisi olabilir. Konuyla ilgili farkındalığın artması erken tanı ve tedavi şansını artıracaktır.
Geriatric Depression with the Complaint of Paradoxal Dysphagia: A Case Report
Physical and mental disorders are common in elderly.
While depressive symptoms are prevalent in the elderly,
the diagnosis of major depressive disorder is 1-5% at this
age group. Physical symptoms are also common in geriatric
patients. Somatic complaints may be the leading
symptoms of an underlying psychiatric disorder or they
may delay the recognition of a mental disorder. In this
case report, the course, differential diagnosis and the
treatment of a 76 [year] old male patient who admitted to
the hospital with a complaint of paradoxal dysphagia is
discussed. The patient was unable to swallow liquids not
solids. After the physical, orapharyngolaryngeal, neurological
and psychiatric examination, the patient was
diagnosed as major depressive disorder with psychotic
features and then was hospitalized because of suicidal
thoughts and nutritional problems. Antidepressant and
antipsychotic treatment was performed and the patient
was discharged in remission.We found out that depressive
symptoms were present before the dysphagia, but
the patient admitted to the hospital after dysphagia
symptom emerged. In this case report we recognized
that the atypical physical symptom had appeared as a
result of geriatric depression; the latter being known to
have high risk of mortality and morbidity in elderly.
Atypical somatic symptoms in the elderly should be
taken into account and investigated carefully as they
may present as a pioneer sign of geriatric depression and
may provide early diagnosis of the disorder.

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