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Yıl:2012; Cilt: 49; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2012;49(2):102-107
Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliğinde Göz Kırpma Refleksi Değişiklikleri
HH Kozak, O Demir, F Güney
Beyhekim Devlet Hastanesi, Konya
Amaç: Bu çalışmada kronik böbrek yetmezliğine (KBY) bağlı üremili hastalarda hemodiyaliz ve periton diyalizinin periferik ve santral sinir sistemi üzerine olan etkilerininin araştırılması amaçlandı. Yöntem: Otuzbeş hemodiyaliz, 35 periton diyalizi hastası; KBY, hemodiyaliz ve periton diyalizinin periferik ve santral sinir sistemi üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması amacıyla periferik nöropati yönünden nörolojik muayene ve EMG ile değerlendirildikten sonra göz kırpma refleksi (GKR) çalışılarak 70 kişiden oluşan sağlıklı kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Kronik böbrek yetmezliği olan olgular kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında ipsilateral R2 (R2i) ve kontralateral R2 (R2k) yanıt latanslarında anlamlı derecede uzama bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, polinöropati tespit edilen hemodiyaliz hastalarında R2 yanıt latansları, polinöropati tespit edilen periton diyalizi hastalarına göre anlamlı derecede uzun bulunmuştur. R1 yanıt latansları etkilenmemiştir. Sonuç: Ekstra-aksiyal lezyonlarda R2, R1'e göre daha az duyarlıdır, fakat intra-aksiyal lezyonlarda R2 anormalliği kısa latanslı cevaplar kadar sıktır. R2 daha komplekstir ve medullanın kaudaline kadar yayılır. Dolayısıyla KBY olan tüm hastalarda R1'i n korunmuş olup R2'lerin uzamış bulunması KBY'de subklinik düzeyde ekstra-aksiyal etkilenmeden çok, intra-aksiyal etkilenmenin olduğunu gösterir. Periton diyalizine giren polinöropatisi olan hastalar kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında R1, R2i, R2k değerleri açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır. Hemodiyalize giren polinöropatisi olan hastalar kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında R1 değerleri korunmuş, buna karşın R2i, R2k değerlerinde anlamlı uzama bulunmuştur. Bu da hemodiyalize giren hastalarda intra-aksiyal subklinik etkilenmenin periton diyalizine göre daha yüksek oranda olduğunu gösterir.
Blink Reflex Alterations in Chronic Renal Failure
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis on the peripheral and central nervous system in patients with uremia associated with chronic renal failure. Method: In this study, 35 hemodialysis and 35 peritoneal dialysis patients were compared with 70 healthy controls by working in blink reflex after assessment of peripheral neuropathy by neurological examination and performing EMG. Results: Ipsilateral R2 (R2i) and contralateral R2 (R2c) response latencies were found to be significantly prolonged in patients with chronic renal failure compared to those of controls. Also, latencies of R2 responses in hemodialysis patients, in whom polyneuropathy was detected, were significantly longer than those of the peritoneal dialysis patients, while latencies of R1 responses were unaffected. Conclusion: For extraaxial lesions, R2 is less sensitive than R1, but in intraaxial lesions abnormality of R2 is as frequent as short latency responses, the R2 being more complex and spreads to the caudal medulla. Hence, in chronic renal failure patients sparing of the R1 and prolongation of the R2 indicates a subclinical intraaxial involvement. There was no significant difference in R1, R2i and R2c values between peritonal dialysis patients with polyneuropathy and controls. R1 values in hemodialysis patients with polyneuropathy were found to be within normal range while R2i and R2c values were significantly prolonged when compared to controls; suggesting that intraaxial subclinical involvement is more frequently seen in hemodialysis patients.

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