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Yıl:2012; Cilt: 49; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2012;49(2):133-138
Epilepsi Tedavisi Alan Kadın Hastalarda Hipotalamo-Pituiter-Gonadal Aksın Değerlendirilmesi
FF Erdoğan, SA Yüksel, AÖ Ersoy, K Ünlühızarcı, F Tanrıverdi, F Keleştimur
Erciyes Üniv. Tıp Fak. , Kayseri
Amaç: Fertiliteleri nonepileptik kadınlara göre daha az olan epileptik kadınlarda özellikle polikistik over sendromu (PKOS) olmak üzere, menstruel ve reprodüktif endokrin bozukluklar yaygındır. Epilepsili hastalarda görülen endokrin disfonksiyonun etiyolojisi kesin olarak bilinmemektedir. Yöntemler: Bu çalışmanın amacı valproat (VPA) ve karbamazepin (KBZ) tedavisi alan jeneralize idiopatik ve kriptojenik epilepsili hastalarda hipotalamo-pitüitergonadal aksın, insulin rezistansı ve PKOS prevalansının araştırılmasıdır. Bulgular: Hasta grubu 48 epilepsili kadın hastadan (ortalama yaş 24,2±5,5) oluşmakta idi. Hastaların 34'ü (%70,8) VPA, 14'ü (%29,2) KBZ kullanmakta idi. Kontrol grubu 20 sağlıklı kadından oluşmakta idi. Glukoz, insulin, gonadotropinler, östradiol, androjenler, 17-OH progesterone ve seks hormone bağlayan globulin seviyelerinin ölçümü için açlık kan örnekleri alındı. Tüm deneklerde oral glukoz tolerans testi, insulin rezistans parametreleri ve hipotalamo-pitüter-gonadal aksın değerlendirilmesi yapıldı. Sonuç: PKOS; 17 epileptik kadında (%35,4), glukoz intoleransı 2 hastada (%4,1) bulundu. Bazal insulin düzeyleri, OGTT testine glukoz ve insulin yanıtları hasta grubunda anlamlı olarak yüksekti. Buserelin testine 17-OH progesteronun pik ve eğri altında kalan alan yanıtı hasta grubunda anlamlı olarak yüksekti. Valproat ve KBZ kullanan epilepsili hastalarda PKOS prevalansı beklenenden yüksekti. Bu hastalar buserelin testi ile gösterilen artmış ovarian stroma ve hiperandrojenemi ile karakterize artmış hormonal aktiviteye sahip idi. OGTT ise artmış insulin resistansının varlığını göstermekteydi. PKOS prevalansı , idiopatik ve kriptojenik epilepsili CBZ ve VPA tedavisi alan kadınlarda beklenenden yüksek oranda saptandı. OGTT artmış insülin rezistansının varlığını gösterdi.
Investigation of Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Epileptic Women Treated for Epilepsy
Objectives: Reproductive endocrine disorders, especially polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are common in epileptic women who are less fertile and suffer from more menstrual and reproductive endocrine disorders than non-epileptic women. The etiology of reproductive endocrine dysfunction in epilepsy has not been determined precisely. The aim of the study was to investigate the hypotalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, insulin resistance and the prevalence of PCOS in patients with generalized idiopathic or cryptogenic epilepsy and receiving treatment with valproate (VPA) and carbamazepine (CBZ). Method: This study included 48 epileptic women with a mean age of 24.2±5.5 [year]s. The patient groups consisted of 34 (70.8%) women with epilepsy on VPA and 14 (29.2%) women with epilepsy on CBZ. The control group consisted of 20 healthy women. Fasting blood samples were obtained for the determination of glucose, insulin, gonadotrophins, estradiol, androgens, 17-OH progesteron (17-OHP), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels. All subjects underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the buserelin stimulation test for glucose tolerance status, insulin resistance parameters and hypothalamus-pituitarygonadal axis evaluation. Results: PCOS was diagnosed in 17 (35.4%) epileptic patients and glucose intolerance was found in two (4.1%) patients. Basal insulin levels, glucose and insulin responses to OGTT were significantly higher in the patients than in the controls. Peak and area under curve (AUC) 17-OHP responses to the buserelin stimulation test were significantly higher in the patients than in the controls. Discussion: The prevalence of PCOS among women with epilepsy receiving VPA or CBZ treatment was higher than expected. Those patients had increased ovarian stroma and hormonal activity characterized by hyperandrogenemia, as demonstrated by buserelin testing and insulin resistance as demonstrated by OGTT.

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