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Yıl:2005; Cilt: 16; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2005;16(2):83-89
Tıp Eğitiminde Eşduyumu Öğretmek
Ç Dereboy, H Harlak, S Gürel, A Gemalmaz, M Eskin
Amaç: Bu çalışma 2003-2004 eğitim ve öğretim yılında Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin İletişim Becerileri eğitimi öncesi eşduyum eğilimi ve hekimlikte iletişime yönelik tutumlarında farklılık olup olmadığını, eğitimden nasıl etkilendiklerini ve ele alınan iki özelliğin birbirleriyle nasıl bir etkileşim içinde olduğunu saptamayı amaçlamaktadır.

Yöntem: Eğitim öncesinde ve sonrasında ulaşılabilen 36 (% 55.3) öğrenciye (% 65.7 kız; yaş ortalaması 18.3) Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği (EEÖ) ve Hekimlikte İletişime Yönelik Tutum Aracı (HİYTA) verilmiştir.

Bulgular: Öğrencilerin eğitimin başlangıcında tek tip bir grup olup olmadıklarını görebilmek için uygulanan K-ortalamaları küme analizlerinde katılımcılar, her iki ölçekte de iki kümeye ayrılmıştır. Kümelere düşen öğrencilerin oranları, EEÖ yüksek % 25, düşük % 75; HİYTA olumlu % 56, olumsuz % 44’dür. Öğrencilerin tümünün ve kümelerin EEÖ ve HİYTA ön test ve son test puan farkları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir. Ancak, hem EEÖ’sü düşük hem de yüksek kümenin eğitim öncesi ve sonrası puan farkı, değişim yönünde bir eğilim olduğunu düşündürmektedir (p< 0.10). Değişimler yüksek eşduyum eğilimi kümesinde düşüşe, düşük eşduyum eğilimi kümesinde ise yükselişe doğrudur.

Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçları öğrenciler arasında eğitimin başlangıcında iletişime yönelik tutum ve eşduyum eğilimi açısından bireysel farklılıkların bulunacağı öngörüsünü doğrular niteliktedir. Eğitimin öncesi ve sonrası arasında grup içi değişimlere baktığımızda ise uygun eğitim yöntemiyle eşduyum eğiliminin değişmeye daha duyarlı olduğu söylenebilir.
Teaching Empathy in Medical Education
Objectives: To determine whether there is any difference in empathic tendencies and attitudes towards communication in medical practice among the first- [year] students of Adnan Menderes University Medical School, and to determine the effect of education and the relation between these two features.
Method: The Empathic Tendency Scale and Attitudes Towards Communication in Medical Practice Questionnaire were used to collect data from 36 (55.3 % of the total) students (65.7 % female; mean age: 18.3).
Results: Students are clustered into two groups for both scales using K-means analysis, which was used to see whether the students were homogeneous regarding empathy and communication attitudes at the beginning of the teaching period. According to the Empathic Tendency Scale results 25% of students have a high empathic tendency (HET) and 75% have a low empathic tendency (LET) and the results of the Attitudes Towards Communication in Medical Practice Questionnaire indicated that 56% have positive and 44% have negative attitudes towards communication. However, the difference between the pre-and post-teaching results of either group seems to show a tendency towards change (p< 0.10). The change has a negative and a positive tendency in the HET and LET groups, respectively.
Conclusion: Our results seem to verify the predicted differences among the students in their empathic tendencies and attitudes towards communication in medical practice. It seems that empathic tendency is more likely to be changed by an appropriate teaching technique when change within the groups is concerned

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