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Yıl:2010; Cilt: 18; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Kriz Dergisi; 2010;18(2):10-18
Almanya'da Madde Bağımlısı Çocuk ve Gençlere Yönelik Bir Rehabilitasyon Modeli: PARCEVAL
EG Çifci, GP Uluocak
Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi
Madde bağımlılığı birçok ülkede, farklı boyutlarda olmakla birlikte genel bir artış göstermektedir. Ergenler arasında yaygınlaşan madde kullanımına yönelik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon programları da genel trendler ve talepler doğrultusunda yaygınlaşmaktadır. Madde bağımlısı ergenler açısından Almanya örneğinde özellikle klinik sonrası rehabilitasyon hizmetlerinde bir çeşitlilik gözlenmektedir. Bu programlar arasında en önemli yer tutan modellerden biri de terapötik komunitelerdir. Terapötik Komunite, 24 saat yatılı bakımı içeren, klinik dışı bir tedavi ortamıdır. Bu çalışmada Almanya’da madde bağımlısı çocuk ve ergenlere yönelik sosyal rehabilitasyon hizmeti sunan ve bir terapötik komunite yapısı sergileyen PARCEVAL isimli kuruluşun yapısı ve tedavi programı tanıtılmaktadır. Yazarlar Almanya Berlin’de hizmet sürdüren bu kurumda, “Sosyal Hizmette Farklı Yaklaşımları Öğrenme (Learning Different Approaches in Social Work)” isimli Leonardo Da Vinci A Tipi Hareketlilik Projesi kapsamında, 13 Mayıs 2007 - 14 Eylül 2007 tarihleri arasında uygulama gerçekleştirmişlerdir. Elde edilen deneyimler çerçevesinde, yapılandırılmış, uzun dönemli, sosyal müdahaleleri ve topluma uyumu içeren rehabilitasyon programlarının bağımlılık tedavisi sonrasında ergenler açısından toplumla yeniden bütünleşme aşamasında oldukça etkili sonuçlar ortaya çıkaracağı düşünülmektedir.
A Rehabilitation Model for Drug Addicted Children and Youth in Germany
The problem of drug addiction shows a general increase in many countries with different dimensions. The treatment and rehabilitation programs for the increasing drug use among youth population is also becoming widespread in paralel with general trends and demands. A variety in services is observed in Germany model when dealing with addicted youth. One of the most important model among these programs is therapeutic communities. A Therapeutic Community is an environment outside the clinic that contains 24 hours residential care. In this study, the rehabilitation program and structure of a therapeutic community model for drug addicted youth and children from Germany, PARCEVAL is introduced. The authors had practice experience in the institution between the dates 13 May 2007- 14 September 2007 within a European Union Project Leonardo Da Vinci Mobility Project titled “ Learning Different Approaches in Social Work”. In the frame of the experiences gained by the authors, it can be said that long-term, well- structured rehabilitation programs that include social interventions and community adaptation is more effective for the adolescents during the process of reintegration to the community

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