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Yıl:2011; Cilt: 24; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Düşünen Adam: Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi; 2011;24(2):121-127
Bir eğitim hastanesinde deliryumlu olguların değerlendirilmesi
M Aslan, A Koroglu, FH Celik, C Hocaoglu
Rize Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi
Amaç: Deliryumun, dahili ve cerrahi dallarda tedavi gören hastalarda ve özellikle de merkezi sinir sistemi bozukluğu olan yaşlılarda daha fazla risk taşıdığı klinik uygulamalarda gösterilmiştir. Biz de bu nedenle, hastanemizde psikiyatri konsültasyonları içinde deliryumlu olguların görülme sıklığı ve tedavi yaklaşımını değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma hastalara uygulanan psikiyatri konsültasyonlarına ait veritabanı ve konsültasyon formlarının geriye dönük olarak değerlendirilmesi ile gerçekleştirildi. İlgili konsültasyon formları, Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı tarafından hazırlanan ve hastaların sosyodemografik özellikleri, mevcut tıbbi tanı ve tedavisi, konsültasyon isteme amacı, önceki psikiyatrik öyküsü, ruhsal muayene bulguları, tanı ve tedavi-izlem planını içeren sorulardan oluşmakta olup, araştırmacılar tarafından konsültasyon sırasında hastalara uygulanmıştır. DSM-IV'e göre deliryum tanısı alan olgular çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Çalışmanın gerçekleştirildiği 1 Temmuz 2009 - 30 Haziran 2010 tarihleri arasındaki dönemde, Rize Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'nde yatarak tedavi gören toplam hasta sayısı 29 410 idi. Aynı dönem içinde, psikiyatri konsültasyonu istenen toplam 405 hastadan 106'sına deliryum tanısı konduğu saptandı. Psikiyatri konsültasyonu istenen deliryumlu olgular hastanede yatan tüm hastaların sadece %0.36'nı oluşturmaktaydı.

Sonuç: Genel hastane popülasyonu içerisinde %11-41 gibi oranlarda olduğu bildirilen deliryum için hastanemizdeki %0.36'lık oranın çok düşük olup deliryum tanısı nedeni ile psikiyatri konsültasyonu isteminin çok yetersiz olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu nedenle, genel hastanelerde konsültasyon-liyezon psikiyatrisinin hızla etkin hale getirilmesi ve multidisipliner tedavi yaklaşımların benimsenmesi gereklidir.
An evaluation of cases with delirium in a training hospital
Objective: Clinical practices have shown that delirium generally confers more risk in patients who receive treatment in internal medicine and surgery clinics, and particularly in the elderly with central nervous system insufficiency. We, therefore, intended to investigate the frequency of delirium patients and treatment approaches among patients who requested psychiatric consultation in our hospital.

Method: This study was conducted through a retrospective assessment of database and consultation forms of psychiatric consultations performed. Consultation forms prepared by the Department of Psychiatry included questions about socio-demographic characteristics of the patients, their current medical diagnosis and treatment, objective of the consultation request, psychiatric history, mental examination findings, and diagnosis and treatment follow-up plan. All patients were evaluated for the development and persistence of delirium on a daily basis by psychiatry specialist with expertise in delirium assessment, using the Diagnostic Statistical Manual IV (DSM-IV) criteria of the American Psychiatric Association, the reference standard for delirium ratings.

Results: During the study period (1 July 2009 to 30 June 2010), a total of 29410 patients were hospitalized in the Rize Training and Research Hospital. Within the same period, a psychiatric consultation was requested for 405 patients, among them, 106 diagnosed with delirium. Patients with delirium for whom psychiatric consultation was requested made only 0.36% of all hospitalized patients.

Conclusions: 0.36% is a very low rate for delirium diagnosis, which is reportedly observed in 11 to 41% of the general hospital populations, and it may be said that psychiatric consultation requests for delirium are very limited. Our findings necessitate that consultation-liaison psychiatry should be made effective and a multidisciplinary treatment approach should be adopted in general hospitals as soon as possible.

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