Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2010; Cilt: 23; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Düşünen Adam: Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi; 2010;23(4):256-264
Dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu olan çocukların WISC-R puanları ile annelerinin problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişki
AŞ Soysal, B Karateke, A Çopur, KM Kılıç, S Akay
Gazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Ankara
Amaç: Çocukluk çağının en sık görülen nöropsikiyatrik rahatsızlığı olan dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB), hastalığın şiddetine göre bireyin sosyal yaşama uyum becerileri ve benlik saygısını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada, DEHB'li çocukların annelerinin gerçek yaşamda problem çözme ya da stresli yaşam olaylarıyla başa çıkabilme kapasiteleri ile çocukların sosyal yaşama uyum becerilerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Araştırma, Gazi Üniversitesi Çocuk Nöroloji ve Çocuk Psikiyatrisi polikliniklerine başvuran, yaşları 6 ile 10 (8.11±1.34) arasında değişen, DSM-IV tanı ölçütlerine göre DEHB tanısı konmuş 49 erkek çocuk ve annesi üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Çocuklar; Kovacs Depresyon Ölçeği, Çocuklar İçin Spielberger Sürekli-Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği ve Wechsler Çocuklar İçin Zeka Ölçeği (WISC-R) ile değerlendirilirken, annelerine Problem Çözme Envanteri uygulanmıştır.

Bulgular: WISC-R'nin sözel, performans ve toplam zeka bölümleri açısından DEHB alt tipleri arasında bir fark görülmemiştir. Alt tipler açısından, hem çocukların yargılama hem de annelerin problem çözme becerileri arasında bir fark gözlenmemiştir. Yine, annelerin problem çözme becerileri ile çocukların yargılama becerileri arasında bir ilişki gözlenmemiştir. Annelerden elde edilen sonuçlarda, problem çözme yeteneğinin güven ve kişisel alt parametrelerinde, annelerin kendilerini yetersiz olarak algılamaları ile çocukların yargılama becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür.

Tartışma: DEHB olan çocuklar, yıkıcı davranışları, sosyal ilişkilerdeki zorlukları, problem çözme konusundaki yetersizlikleri nedeniyle çevrelerinden olumsuz karşılık almakta ve çoğunlukla cezalandırılmaktadırlar. Çoğu zaman ne yapmaları gerektiği konusunda bilgi sahibi olmakla beraber, bu bilgiyi uygulamaya dökememeleri nedeniyle ağır eleştirilere maruz kalmaktadırlar.

Sonuç: Çocuklara model olabilecek uygun erişkin davranışlarının olması, çocukların sürekli eleştirilmemeleri, problem çözümüne dahil edilmeleri DEHB'lilerin benlik saygısını yükseltip, uygun davranışlarda bulunmalarını sağlayacaktır.
The relationship between WISC-R scores of children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and problem solving skills of their mothers
Objective: Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder which is
commonly seen in childhood. Depending on the severity of the disease, ADHD effects negatively in terms
of harmony in social life events and self esteem. The aim of this study is that to compare adaptation skills
of children with ADHD and their mothers? capacity of coping with stressful events or problem solving in
the real life.
Method: The Kovacs Depression Scale, the Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children and
the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R) were applied to the children while the Problem
Solving Inventory was applied to the mothers. The sample was consisted of 49 ADHD children, diagnosed
according to the DSM-IV criteria, aged 6 to 9 [year]s (8.11±1.34) and their mothers.
Results: There were no significant differences among ADHD subtypes in terms of WISC-R Verbal,
Performance and Total Intelligence sections. In terms of subtypes, there were no significant differences
in both children? ability of judgement and their mothers? problem solving skills. Besides that, a high
relationship hasn?t been observed between problem-solving skills of the mothers and their children's
ability of judgement. The relationship between the judgement ability of the children and their mother's
perception about feeling insufficient, which was obtained from result of subparameters of the Problem
Solving Inventory (confidence and personal) was meaningful.
Discussion: Because of disruptive behaviors, difficulty in social relationship and lack of problem solving
skills, children with ADHD get negative reactions from their environment and mostly they are punished.
Children with ADHD often get criticized, because they actually know what to do but they can not put
that into practice.
Conclusion: In order to improve the self esteem of children with ADHD, there should be appropriate adult
behavioral model, also these children should be included in problem solving and should not be criticized
constantly. These will allow children with ADHD to adapt themselves to social life

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