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Yıl:2010; Cilt: 23; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Düşünen Adam: Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi; 2010;23(1):38-43
İnmelerde tekrarlayıcılığı etkileyen risk faktörleri
S Demirci, BZ Yalçıner, G Bakaç, C Dayan, F Aysal, S Baybaş
Bakırköy Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi
Giriş: Tekrarlayan inme, önceki inmenin tamamlanması sonrası yeni gelişen serebrovasküler olaydır. İnme tekrarı, inmeye bağlı özürlülük-ölüm oranını arttırır. İnmeli olguların sistematik olarak değerlendirilmesi, inme tekrarlama riskinin azaltılmasını sağlayabilir

Amaç: Tekrarlama riski taşıyan inmeleri öngörebilmek üzere; risk faktörleri, inme tipi, inme etyolojileri ve inmeye bağlı özürlülük-ölüm oranlarına ilişkin bilgileri karşılaştırmak.

Yöntem: Bakırköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi nöroloji kliniklerine 1 Haziran 2002 - 28 Şubat 2003 tarihleri arasında başvuran inmeli hastalar, ardışık düzende, prospektif olarak inme veri tabanına kaydedildi. İnmeler; iskemik/hemorajik, ilk/tekrarlayan inmeler olarak gruplandırıldı. Tekrarlayan inmelerde önceki inme bilgileri kaydedildi. Risk faktörleri; hipertansiyon (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM), hiperlipidemi, atriyal fibrilasyon (AF), koroner arter hastalığı (KAH), migren, geçici iskemik atak (GİA) ve ailede serebrovasküler hastalık (SVH) öyküsü, oral kontraseptif (OKS) kullanımı, periferik damar hastalığı (PDH), konjestif kalp yetersizliği (KKY), diğer kalp hastalıkları, sigara ve alkol tüketimi olarak sınıflandırıldı. İnmeye bağlı özürlülük-ölüm oranları değerlendirildi. Tüm veriler ilk ve tekrarlayan inmeler için karşılaştırıldı.

Sonuçlar: Çalışmamızda 631 hasta değerlendirildi. Bu hastaların %52,3’ü kadın, %47,7’si erkekti. İnme sıklığı, 70 yaş üstü kadınlarda istatistiksel olarak yüksekti (p<0,001). İnmeler aynı tipte tekrarlıyordu. HT, ilk ve tekrarlayan inmelerde en yüksek oranda görülen risk faktörüydü. AF sıklığı yaşla birlikte artmaktaydı (p<0,001). Nedeni belirlenemeyen ve kardiyoembolik inmelerde özürlülük-ölüm oranları yüksek bulundu.

Tartışma: Etyolojik grubun bilinmesi inmenin tekrarlayıcılığı ve sağ kalım açısından bir öngörü sağlayabilir. İnme tekrarının en sık görüldüğü inme gruplarında tespit edilen değiştirilebilir risk faktörlerinin daha etkin tedavi edilmesinin, ileri yaştaki kadınlarda kardiyoembolik risk faktörlerinin araştırılmasına öncelik verilmesinin birincil ve ikincil inme korunması açısından önemli olduğunu düşünmekteyiz.
Risk factors that affect recurrence in strokes
Introduction: Recurrent stroke is defined as a new cerebrovascular event which occurs after the stabilization of the previous stroke. Recurrence of stroke increases likelihood of disability-mortality associated with stroke. Systematic evaluation of stroke cases can help to reduce the risk of recurrence.

Objective: In order to predict strokes which carry the risk of recurrence, we aimed to compare data related to risk factors, stroke type, etiology and disability-mortality rates associated with stroke.

Material And Method: Patients with stroke who referred to Bakirkoy Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases Training and Research State Hospital between June 1, 2002 and February 28, 2003 were recorded into the stroke database in a consecutive and prospective manner. Strokes were classified as ischemic/hemorrhagic and first/recurrent. For recurrent strokes, information about previous strokes was also recorded. Risk factors were classified as hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation (AF), coronary artery disease (CAD), migraine, transient ischemic accident (TIA), family history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA), oral contraceptive use, PAD, congestive heart failure (CHF), other heart diseases, smoking cigarette and alcohol consumption. Disability-mortality rates associated with stroke were evaluated. All data were compared for first and recurrent strokes.

Results: In our study, 631 patients were evaluated, 52.3% of whom were female and 47.7% male. Frequency of stroke was statistically high (p<0.001) in females over 70 [year]s old. Recurrent strokes were of the same type. For the first and recurrent strokes, HT was the highest risk factor. AF frequency increased with age (p<0.001). The rate of disability-mortality was found high in strokes of undetermined and cardioembolic origin.

Conclusion: Knowledge of etiologic group can help to predict recurrence of stroke and prevent death. We think that effective treatment of modifiable risk factors identified in stroke groups where recurrence is the highest, and prioritising the investigation of cardioembolic risk factors in elderly women are significant in terms of primary and secondary stroke prevention.

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