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Yıl:2010; Cilt: 47; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2010;47(1):15-22
Psikiyatrik Yardım Talebi Olan, Olmayan ve Boşanma Aşamasındaki Çiftler Arasında Cinsiyet Yönünden Uyum, Problem Çözme Becerisi, Boyun Eğici Davranış ve Öfke Tutumunun Karşılaştırılması
E Beştepe, E Erbek, Ö Saatçioğlu, HA Özmen, N Eradamlar
Bakırköy Prof.Dr. Mazhar Osman Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul, Türkiye
Amaç: Evlilik içi çatışma ve sorunlar, ruh sağlığı profesyonellerinden çözüm bekleyen konular arasındadır. Artan boşanma oranları, bu iş ile uğraşan profesyonellerin evlilik ve aile ilişkisi dinamiklerini daha iyi anlama ihtiyacına yol açmıştır. Bu araştırmada; evlilik sorunları nedeniyle yardım için ilk kez başvuruda bulunan, yardım talebi olmayan ve boşanma aşamasında olan üç ayrı grubun çift uyum düzeylerinin, problem çözme becerilerini, boyun eğici davranış özelliklerinin ve öfke tutumunun cinsiyet yönünden karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: Araştırmaya Evlilik Danışma Merkezine (EDAM) psikiyatrik yardım almak için ilk kez başvuran, aile mahkemesi tarafından psikolojik yardıma ihtiyaç duyup duymadıklarının belirlenmesi için gönderilen ve herhangi bir psikolojik yardım almamış ve evlilik sorunu için başvurusu olmayan toplam 150 evli çift alındı. Tüm çiftlere, problem çözme envanteri, boyun eğici davranışlar ölçeği, durumluk sürekli öfke ölçeği, çift uyum ölçeği ve demografik veri formu uygulandı.

Bulgular: Kadınların yaş ortalaması EDAM grubunda 33.6±1.1, mahkeme grubunda 33.9±1.2, kontrol grubunda 36.4±1.4 iken, erkeklerin ise 38.7±1.7, 37.2±1.1, 39.1±1.1 idi. EDAM grubunda kadınların erkeklere göre daha boyun eğici davrandıkları ve aralarında anlamlı fark olduğu saptanırken, mahkeme grubunda problem çözme becerileri, boyun eğici davranış, çift uyumu ve sürekli öfke tarzı yönünden cinsiyetler arasında fark olmadığı, kontrol grubunda ise kadınların erkeklere göre daha boyun eğici davrandıkları saptandı. Her üç grubun erkekleri birbirleri ile karşılaştırıldığında boyun eğici davranış, genel ilişkide uyum ve alt ölçekleri, genel öfke ve alt ölçekleri yönünden fark bulundu. Her üç grubun kadınları genel problem çözme ve alt ölçekleri, genel ilişkide uyum ve alt ölçeklerinden tatmin, fikir birliği ve bağlılık yönünden farklı idi. Grupların kadınları arasında genel öfke ve alt ölçeklerinde öfke dışa vurma ve öfkeyi kontrol edebilmede de fark saptandı.

Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız; evlilikte yardım arama, uyum sağlama, problem çözme ve davranış özellikleri yönünden cinsiyet farkının olduğunu göstermektedir. Evlilikte kadın ve erkekler arasındaki fark, mahkeme, istekli yardım arayışı gibi içinde bulunulan koşullara bağlı olarak değişebilir.
Comparison of Dyadic Adjustment, Problem-Solving Skills, Submissive Acts and Anger Attitudes in Terms of Gender Between Married Couples Who Sought Counseling and in Those Ordered to Undergo Counseling
Objective: Marital conflicts and problems are among the issues needing psychology professionals' attention. Rising divorce rates caused the professionals who are dealing with such issues to realize the need to understand the dynamics involved in marriage and family relations. The purpose of this study was to compare three groups, namely the couples who applied for professional counseling for the first time, those who have not applied for counseling, and those who were about to get divorced, in terms of dyadic adjustment levels, problem solving skills, characteristics of submissive behavior, and anger attitude; the comparison was made in relation to gender.

Methods: The study included 150 couples: those who applied to the Marriage Counseling Unit (MCU) to get psychiatric help (MCU group), those who were forwarded to the unit by a court to determine if they needed counseling and who have not received any psychological help (court group), and those who have not received any psychological help and who had no marriage related problems (control group). Problem solving inventory, submissive behaviors scale, state trait anger scale, state dyadic adjustment scale, and demographic data form were administered to all couples.

Results: The mean age of the female participants was 33.6±1.1 for the MCU group, 33.9±1.2 for the court group, and 36.4±1.4 for the control group, while the mean age of the male participants was 38.7±1.7, 37.2±1.1, 39.1±1.1, respectively. In the MCU group, female participants showed significantly more submissive behaviors compared to the male participants; in the court group, no difference was observed between sexes in terms of problem-solving skills, submissive behaviors, and state trait anger; in the control group, female participants showed significantly more submissive behaviors compared to the male participants. When male participants of the 3 groups were compared with each other, significant differences were observed in terms of submissive behaviors, general relationship adjustment scale and its subscales, and state trait anger scale and its subscales. Female participants of all 3 groups differed in terms of general problem-solving skills scale and its subscales, and in some subscales of general relationship adjustment scale, namely satisfaction, consensus, and loyalty. Differences were observed between the female participants of the groups in terms of anger scale and its subscales, expressing anger, and anger management.

Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that there are differences between genders in terms of seeking for professional guidance for marital problems, adjustment, problem solving, and behavioral characteristics. The difference between genders in marriage may vary depending on conditions, such as court-ordered or voluntary marriage counseling.

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