Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2003; Cilt: 16; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Düşünen Adam: Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi; 2003;16(3):147-153
Normal kişilerde hezeyanlı inançlar
S Yalçınkaya, R Konkan, C Ural
Bu çalışmada; normal kişilerde de hezeyanlı inançların olabileceği, psikotik belirtilerin dikotomik antiteden (var ya da yok) çok süreklilik içinde dağılım gösterdiği, 'klinik olarak psikotik' olma durumunun niteliksel değil, niceliksel bir farktan doğduğu hipotezi sınanmıştır. Çalışmaya DSM-IV'e göre "şizofreni (paranoid tip)" tanısı koyulan 41, "başka türlü adlandırılamayan psikotik bozukluk" tanısı koyulan 6, "hezeyanlı bozukluk" tanısı koyulan 4 hasta olmak üzere toplam 51 hasta alınmıştır. Psikotik bozukluğu olmayan gruba ise DSM-IV'e göre 1. eksen tanısı olmayan, sosyal, mesleki, kişiler arası işlevselliği yeterli 50 kişi alınmıştır. Mental kapasitesi uygun olmayanlar, psikoaktif madde kötüye kullanımı ya da bağımlılığı olanlar ve ciddi fiziksel hastalığı olanlar çalışmadan hariç tutulmuştur. Hezeyanlı inançları ölçmek için Peters Delusions Inven-tory (PDI) uygulanmıştır.
Psikotik bozukluğu olanlarda sıkıntı düzeyi ortalaması 46.94, zihinsel meşguliyet düzeyi ortalaması 41.59 ve inanç düzeyi ortalaması 58.27 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlar psikotik bozukluğu olmayanlara göre anlamlı oranda yüksektir (p:0.000). Psikotik hastaların ortalama PDI skorları psikotik bozukluğu olmayanlara göre anlamlı olarak yüksek olmasına karşın (ortalama skorlar: 17.33, 9.18), skor alanları psikotik olan ve olmayan grup arasında hemen hemen aynı bulunmuştur. İki grup arasında üst üste binen dağılım, psikotik belirtilerin dikotomik (var ya da yok) bir antiteden ziyade bir süreklilik içinde dağılım gösterdiği, klinik olarak hastalık durumunun süreklilik gösteren özelliklerin aşırı ucundaki durumlar olduğu, normal ve normal olmayan arasındaki ayrımın niteliksel olmaktan çok niceliksel olduğu hipotezini desteklemektedir.
In this research; the hypothesis suggesting that delusional beliefs can also be present in the normal people and psychotic symptoms are present as a psychotic continuum rather than as a dichotomic entity and that clinically psychotic states are not quantitatively but just qualitatively different from normal experiences and behaviors, is being tested.
In this research 51 patients are included, 41 of which is diagnosed as Paranoid Schizophrenia with DSM-IV, 6 diagnosed as Psychotic Disorder NOS and 4 diagnosed as Delusions Disorder. In the non-psychotic group; 50 people functional socially, academically and in interpersonal ways with no DSM-IV Axis 1 disorder are included. Subjects with mental retardation, with psychoactive drug abuse or addiction and with serious physical problems are excluded.
In this research; Peters Delusions Inventory (PDI) is used to measure delusional beliefs.
It is found that the distress level mean score is 46.94 in psychotic patients while preoccupation level mean score is 41.59 and belief strength mean is 58.27. These results are statistically meaningful (p:0.001) compared to the non-psychotic ones. Although the PDI score mean is significantly higher in the psychotic group than non-psychoticgroup (mean scores: 17.33, 9.18); score areas are almost the same between psychotic and the non-psychotic group. The overlapping distribution between the two groups shows that psychotic symptoms are present on a continuum rather than as a dichotomy (present or non-present) and that clinically psychotic states are present in the extreme end of the continuum. So the results support the hypothesis suggesting that the difference between normal and abnormal is not quantitative but just qualitative.

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