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Yıl:2003; Cilt: 16; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Düşünen Adam: Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi; 2003;16(4):223-225
Ornitin transkarbamilaz eksikliği olan bir hastada atipik antipsikotiklerle tedavi sürecinde başlayan epileptik nöbetler: Bir vaka sunumu
İ Yaluğ, L Kayaalp
Ornitin transkarbamilaz eksikliği üre siklüsünün en sık rastlanan kalıtımsal hastalığıdır ve X'e bağlı geçiş gösterir. Eksikliğin klasik formundaki metabolik bozukluklar, kusma, komaya kadar giden letarji, nöbetler ve tedavi edilmezse ölüme neden olur. Amonya, glutamin ve diğer ekzitoksik aminoasitlerin yükselip azalan konsantrasyonları kronik ya da episodik olarak tekrarlayan ensefalopatiye yol açar, kolinerjik nöronların kaybına neden olur ve bu hasar ornitin transkarbamilaz eksikliğinde görülen mental gerilik ve nöbetlerde ana etken gibi görünmektedir. Bu sunumda ilk olarak protein intoleransı , kusma atakları ve erken çocuklukta zeka geriliği belirtileri olan ve zeka geriliğinin davranışsal semptomları için quetiapine tedavisi başlandığında kompleks-parsiyel nöbetleri meydana gelen 16 yaşında heterozigot kadın bir hastayı anlatıyoruz. Hastanın antipsikotik tedavi öncesinde hiç nöbeti olmamış, Quetiapinin kesilmesinden sonra nöbetler kaybolmuştur. Antipsikotiklerin epileptik nöbetleri başlattığı ve EEG paternlerinde değişiklikler yaptığı bilinmektedir, bunun yanında üre siklüsü bozuklukları yanında zeka geriliği olan çocuklarda var olan epileptik duyarlılık riskini arttırırlar. Bu hasta grubunda zeka geriliğinin davranışsal belirtilerini tedavi ederken antipsikotikle tetiklenerek başlayabilecek epileptik nöbetler açısından dikkatli olmamız gerekir.
Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency is the most common inherited urea cycle disorder, and is transmitted as an X-linked trait. The metabolic derangements produced by the classic form of deficiency result in vomitting, lethargy leading to coma, convulsions and if not treaed, death. Fluctuating concentrations of ammonia, glutamine, and other excitoxic amino acid result in a chronic or episodically recurring encephalopathy, and lead to a loss of cholinergic neurons and seem to play the main part in the pathophysiology of mental retardation and seizures which may be seen in ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency. In this report we describe a 16 [year] old of heterozygous female patient first presented with protein intolerance, attacks f vomitting, and signs of mental retardation in early childhood, and occurence of complex-partial seizures after initiation of quetiapine theraphy for behavioral symptoms of mental retardation. After withdrawal of quetiapine seizures dissappeared. Antipsychotics are known to induce epileptic seizures and changes in EEg patterns, and may worsen a preexisting epileptic vulnerability risks in children with urea cycle disorders along with mental retardation. When treating behavioral symptoms of mental retardation in this patient group we should be aware of antipsychotics induced epileptic sezizures.

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